【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 7 Culture and Cultural Diversity
二. 教学重点：
1. 重点单词：
common, opinion, religion,
tradition, nationality, case, atmosphere, ceremony, custom,
race, cause, seem, once, treat, definition, simply, community,
sense, address, argue, emergency,
determine, personal, extend, likely, hug, figure,
equivalent, sign
2. 重点短语：
even though, refer to, base on, figure out, be famous for, the same as
3. 重点句型：
（1） Could you tell me... ?
（2）I'd like to know.. . ?
（3） Do you know. . . ?
4. 语法：
名词性从句（I）主语从句
动词时态 （III）一般讲来时
三. 重难点解释：
1. common adj.共同的，公共的，公有的，普通的，庸俗的，伪劣的
n.[复][总]平民，公有，普通，共通
a common cup 公用杯子
Snow is common in cold countries. 在寒冷的国家雪是常见的。
the common man 普通人
the common people 老百姓
common knowledge常识
common characteristic共同特点
make a common cause against enemy协力抵抗敌人
The humorous joke is common property.这个幽默笑话大家都知道。
I don't like him, for he's as common as muck. He's as common
as dirt.
他这人粗俗不堪,我不喜欢他。
The common man in every country is anxious for world peace.
每个国家的老百姓都渴望世界和平。
House of Commons [英]下议院
have nothing in common （with） （与…）没有共同之处
in common共同， 共同享有的， 共同使用的
in common with和…一样
out of （the） common不寻常的， 特殊的
2. opinion n.意见, 看法, 主张, 判断, 评价
He asked his father's opinion about his plans. 他征求爸爸对他的计划的意见。
In my opinion, you're wrong. 依我看，你错了。
What's your opinion? 你的看法如何?
Public opinion was against the old feudal system.公众舆论反对旧的封建制度。
have a good opinion of sb. [sth.]对某人[某事]评价好
give [express] one's opinion on [upon]对…发表意见
in one's opinion 按某人的意见，据某人看来
in the opinion of照…的意见
3. religion n.宗教，信仰
Almost every country has some form of religion. 几乎每个国家都有某种宗教信仰形式。
Tennis is a religion with John. 约翰打网球非常认真。
She makes a religion of keeping her house clean and tidy.
她认为保持房子整洁是她份内的事。
enter into [be in] religion 出家，修道，加入教团
4. tradition n.传统，惯例
It is a tradition that the young look after the old in their family.
在他们家，年轻的照顾年长的是一个传统。
keep up fine tradition 保持优良传统
The story is based mainly on traditions.这个故事主要是根据传说。
by tradition 照传统；据口传
5. case n.事，病例，案例，情形，场合，讼案，容器，（语法）格
This is a case of stupidity, not dishonesty. 这只是个愚蠢的例子，并非不诚实。
“Well, in that case, I would prefer to stay on the bus,” I answered.
“唉，那样的话，我宁愿留在车上啦，”我回答说。
This is a case of fever. 这是一发烧的病例。
The case was settled out of court. 这案件在庭外解决。
in case 以防；可能；倘若
Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很厉害，你就把帽子戴上。
in case of 如果；万一
In case of rain they can't go. 万一下雨，他们就不能去了。
in any case 无论如何，总之
in no case 决不
6. race n.种族，种族气质，种族特征，赛跑， vi.赛跑，疾走 vt.与…赛跑，使空转
attending the dog races 参加赛狗大会
the Negro race 黑种人
to breed an improved race of cattle 饲养一种改良了的牲畜
the race for mayor 市长竞选
He raced me to the station in his car.他用他的车子全速把我送到车站。
He races at all the big meetings. 他参加所有大规模的赛马会。
7. cause n.原因，导致某事发生的人或事，动机，理由，根据，目标，理想，事业
vt.引起，惹起，使（发生），促成
The heavy rain was the cause of the flood. 大雨是导致洪水产生的原因。
There is no cause for anxiety.不必焦虑。
There is no cause for concern, for the windstorm was not too
serious.
那场风暴不太厉害,没必要担心。
fight for the cause of world peace为世界和平而战
She has made up her mind to fight for the cause of peace all her life.
她已下定决心为和平事业奋斗终身。
The heavy rain caused the flood. 大雨引起了洪水。
The wound isn't serious, but may cause some discomfort.
伤口并不严重，但可能会引起一些不舒适。
His absence caused me much trouble.他的缺席给我带来了许多麻烦。
Necessity caused me to come.我不得不来。
give cause for 引起；成为…的原因
have cause for有理由…
in the cause of为…而…
8. seem vi. 像是，似乎（常与to连用）
Be what you seem （to be）.要表里一致。
He seems （to be）
quite happy.他似乎十分快乐。
I seemed to hear a voice in the distance.我好象听到远处有说话声。
It seems to me that it will snow.我看要下雪。
It seems as if it is going to rain.看来要下雨了。
It seems to me that there is something funny about the case.在我看来这件案子有点奇怪。
seem, look, appear这三个词一般用作半系词，都可以汉译作“似乎”或“看上去”。
seem所表示的“似乎”或“看来”是以客观的迹象为依据的。
It seemed certain that this would win the prize.这一块要得奖似乎是毫无疑问的了。
look所表示的“看来”是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的
He looked pale and his clothes were in a frightful state.
他看上去脸色苍白，一身衣服弄得一塌糊涂。
My wife was wearing a hat that looked like a lighthouse.
我的妻子戴着一顶看起来好象一座灯塔的帽子。
appear与上两个词的含义似乎没有多大差异，但是如果要表示某种判断是由被歪曲了的印象而得出的，最好用appear。
Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the
water.
两个月的婴儿并不显得不肯下水。
The actress is thirty-five years old,but she appears a lot younger.
那个女演员三十五岁了，但是她看上去年少得多。
9. once n.adv.一次，从前，曾经conj.一旦
Once a month, he has to collect money from his customers.每月一次,他得去向顾客收钱。
Once a year a race is held for old cars.每年举行一次旧式小汽车比赛。
She once knew him. 她以前认识他。
Do it just this once. 只做这一次。
Once is enough for me. 对我来说一次就够了。
For once he was telling the truth.他只有这一次说了实话。
Once printed, this dictionary will be very popular! 一旦出版，这本词典将会非常畅销！
Once he arrives we can start.他一到我们就可以动身。
all at once 突然；同时
at once 立刻，马上；同时
every once in a while[美]偶尔
for this once （=for once, just for once）就这一次；破例一回
if once （=when once）一旦
more than once不止一次，多次
not once一次也不
once again再一次
once and again一再，再三
once in a while有时，间或，偶尔
once more/again再一次
once or twice一两次； 有时, 偶尔
10. treat n.宴请，款待，请客 vt.视为，对待，论述，治疗，款待vi.交涉，协商，款待，作东
Her birthday treat was a visit to the theatre. 她生日的开心事是去剧院。
This
is my treat.这次由我请客。
It is a treat to meet you.见到你真高兴。
The engineer felt that he hadn't been treated fairly.这位工程师觉得自己没有受到公平的待遇。
He treated the animal cruelly. 他残忍地对待这只动物。
He treated his mistake as a joke. 他把他的错误当作玩笑看待。
treat a case of cancer治疗一例癌症
treat sb. to an ice-cream请某人吃一杯冰淇淋
treat with sb. on equal terms在平等的基础上与某人谈判
11. simply adv.简单地，完全，简直，仅仅，只不过，朴素地，只是
I simply can't go such stupid behavior. 对这种愚蠢的行为我实在忍受不了。
I am simply melting with heat. 我简直热死了。
He is simply a workman. 他只是一名工人罢了。
She looks simply lovely. 她看起来的确可爱。
This drink consists simply of fresh oranges.这种饮料仅含新鲜柑汁。
12. sense n.官能，感觉，判断力，见识，…感，意义，理性 vt.感到，理解，认识
a sense of duty责任感
the sense of direction 对方位[向]的识别力
a man of sense有理智的人
common sense常识[理]
He has a good sense of smell. 他的嗅觉很灵敏。
Have you taken lost your senses? 你失去理智了吗？
He sensed that his proposals were unwelcome. 他觉得他的建议不受欢迎。
The dog sensed that I was afraid. 这只狗感觉到我害怕了。
in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说
make sense有 意义；意思清楚；有道理
make sense of理解；懂；明白
no sense in没道理
13. address n.地址，致辞，演讲，说话的技巧 vt.向…致辞，演说，写姓名地址，从事，忙于
home address 住址； 通讯处
an address of welcome欢迎词
a man of pleasing address一位谈吐流利的人
address the letter 在信上写地址
The envelope is addressed to Jack Johnson, Esq.信封上写着杰克·约翰逊先生收。
The letter was addressed to the wrong house.这封信写错了地址。
He addressed himself to the task of doing his homework.他专心致志地做他的家庭作业。
address oneself to 对…说；跟…谈；与…通信（用于正式场合）；着手，从事于
14. argue vi.争论，
辩论 vt.说服
argue a case 辩论一个案子
They argued their actions had nothing to do with the riot.
他们辩解道，他们的行为与这次骚乱没有关系。
He argued with Mary about the best place for a holiday. 他和玛丽争论度假的最好地方。
argue for [against] a proposal辩论赞成[反对]某项建议
He argues soundly.他争辩得很有道理。
They tried to argue him into joining them.他们试图说服他参加。
argue with sb. about sth. 就某事和某人争论
argue sb. into 说服某人（做某事或接受某种意见）
argue sb. out of说服某人不做某事, 打消某种念头
15. determine v.决定，确定，测定，使下定决心，[律]使终止
He determined to go. 他决意要去。
I am determined to do better than Mike. 我决心比迈克做得更好。
He determined to go [that he （should）
go] at once.他决心立刻就走。
His advice determined me to drink and smoke no more.他的劝告使我决定不再抽烟喝酒了。
He has not determined what he will study.他还没有决定学什么。
be determined to do sth.决心做某事
determine on/ upon决定
determine sb. against sth.使
某人决定不做某事
determine sb. to do sth.使某人决定做某事
16. personal adj.私人的，个人的，亲自的，容貌的，人身的，针对个人的 adj.[语法]人称的
Don't be too personal. 谈话不要过于涉及私事。
a personal letter 私人信件
a personal friend 私人朋友
personal call 亲身拜访
personal beauty 仪表之美
personal abuse 人身攻击
personal pronoun人称代词
17. extend v.扩充，延伸，伸展，扩大
The headmaster extended our holiday by four days. 校长把我们的假期延长了四天。
The wet weather extended into September.潮湿阴雨的天气延续到九月份。
The chapter extends to more than ninety pages.这一章长达九十多页。
His power extends to other lands.他的权力扩张到别国。
extend和lengthen的反义词为shorten。这两个动词都可以表示时间和空间的“延长”，但是extend可以用于比喻意义上的“延长”，或范围的“扩展”。如：
the extended meaning of a word （词汇的引伸意义）
to extend （or lengthen） a road （延长道路）
to extend （or lengthen） one's stay （延长某人的逗留）
Can you extend your visit for a few days more? 你能把你的访问再延长几天吗？
The railway will be extended next year. 明年将要延长这条铁路。
He is extending his eyes with radar.人类借助雷达来扩大自己的视野。
He wanted to have his coat lengthened a bit. 他要把上衣放长一些。
18. likely adj.很可能的，合适的，可靠的，有希望的 adv.或许，很可能
The train is likely to be late. 这趟火车很可能晚点。
a likely plan 有成功可能的计划
She is the most likely girl to win the prize. 她是最有希望得奖的女孩。
a likely young man一个有希望的青年
She is not likely to come next month.她下月很可能不来。
It is very likely that he will not consent.很可能他不会同意。
I'll very likely be at home all day.我可能整天都呆在家里。
as likely as not （=most [very] likely）可能，多半，说不定
It is likely that...很可能…
Not likely![口]不可能! 才不呢! （强调否认或拒绝）
19. figure n.外形，轮廓，体形，图形，画像，数字，形状，身份
vt.描绘，塑造，表示，象征，演算，认为 vi.出现，考虑，出名，扮演角色
I could see a tall figure near the door. 我可以看见门附近有一个高大的人影。
It was just a figure of speech.这不过是种形象化的说法。
What a fine figure of a man! 一个身材多美的男人!
exercises to improve one's figure 使体态健美的运动
a great figure in history 历史上的大人物
Write the number in words and in figures. 用文字和阿拉伯数字写出这个数。
She has a five figure income. 她有五位数的收入。
I'm not good at figures. 我计算不行。
Roger figured as chief guest. 罗杰以主客姿态出现。
I figure the manager will be back soon.我估计经理很快会回来。
I figured you'd want tea. 我想你是要茶。
figure on 料想；估计
We figure on your coming early to help us.我们指望你们会早些来帮助我们。
figure out算出；了解
We must figure out how to solve the problem.我们必须想出解决这个问题的办法。
public figure名人, 知名人士
20. equivalent adj.相等的，相当的，同意义的n.等价物, 相等物
He changed his pounds for the equivalent amount of dollars. 他把英磅换成了等值的美元。
Some American words have no British equivalent.
美国英语的一些用法在英国英语中没有对等的词。
be equivalent to 相等[当]于…，等（同）于，与…等效
21. sign n.标记，符号，记号，征兆，迹象，征候v.签名（于），署名（于）～，签署
He made a sign for me to follow him. 他向我示意跟着他（走）。
The sign by the road said “No Parking”. 路边的牌子上写着“禁止停车”。
There are no signs of life about the house. 这房子没有有人住的迹象。
Both parties have signed the contract!双方已经在合同上签字了。
He signed me to be quiet. 他做手势要我安静。
sign up签字参与某事；签字受雇
sign mark 都含“标记”、“征兆”的意思。
sign 系常用词，指“具有一定含义的任何有形或无形的符号或标志，它的表示可以是实物、表情、动作、文字、语言及任何痕迹或征兆”，如：
There is a stop sign at an intersection .在交叉路口处有停车标志。
mark 指“为某一目的有意做的标记”，也指“无意留下或自然形成的痕迹”，
如:
Suffering left its mark on his face.苦难的经历在他脸上留下了痕迹
名词性从句
在句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有：
从属连词 that（无实义），whether（是否）
连接代词 what（什么），which（哪个），who（谁），whoever（无论谁），whatever（无论什么），whichever（无论哪个）
连接副词 when（何时），where（何地），why（为什么），how（怎样，如何）
Whether there will be a meeting this week is not yet known.
这星期有没有会还不知道。
What he has said is quite true.
他讲的话很对。
That he will come to the meeting is certain.
他来参加会是肯定无疑的。
Who will be sent abroad has not been decided yet.
派谁出国还没有决定。
Which of the questions is to be discussed first doesn't matter very much.
先讨论哪个问题关系不大。
How the situation in the Middle East will develop is anybody's guess.
中东形势如何发展，谁也说不准。
When
the house will be built depends on the supply of materials.
这所房子什么时候盖完要看材料供应情况。
Where this machine should be placed will be decided by the workers.
这台机器放在哪儿，由工人决定。
1）主语从句放在句首，往往显得头重脚轻。因此，常把它移到句子后面，而把it放在句首，作形式主语。例如：
It is clear that light travels in straight lines.
很明显，光是沿直线传播的。
It is well-known that there is no air in space.
众所周知，外层空间没有空气。
（1）it + be + 形容词+主语从句：
常用于这种结构中的形容词有：clear、strange、obvious、certain、important、
possible、natural、surprising、interesting、likely、unusual等。例如：
It is obvious that we can't go on like this.
显而易见，我们不能这样继续下去了。
It is unknown whether he will come.
他是否来还不知道。
在表示建议、命令、要求以及惊讶、喜悦、遗憾等意义时，如上结构中that从句的谓语动词常用（ should + ）动词原形，即虚拟语气形式。例如：
重要的是我们该讨论这个计划。
有必要马上派他到那儿去。
（2）It + be + 名词（词组）+主语从句：
常见的这类名词（词组）有：a fact、a good thing、good news、a shame、a pity、a wonder、no wonder、no surprise、common、knowledge等。例如：
It is no surprise that Tom should have won the game.
汤姆赢得比赛并不令人惊奇。
It is a pity that he should refuse to accept your invitation.
他竟然拒绝接受你的邀请，真遗憾。
在表示惊奇、婉惜等感情色彩时，上述结构中的主语从句的谓语动词也常用（should+）
动词原形的形式。
（3）It + be + 过去分词+主语从句：
常见的这类过去分词有：known、expected、thought、believed、said、proved、
hoped
suggested、decided、demanded、discussed、required、found out等。例如：
It
is thought that he is the best player.
他被认为是最好的棋手。
It is demanded that he leave at once.
要求他立即离开。
It has been decided that the meeting（should）
be put off. 已决定推迟会议。
上述结构中，如果表示建议、要求、命令等含义时，that从句中的谓语动词用常
should + ）动词原形。
（4）It + 不及物动词 + 主语从句：
常见的这类不及物动词有：appear、happen、seem、follow、turn out等。例如：
It happened that I saw your brother yesterday.
昨天我碰巧看见了你哥哥。
It now appears that they are in urgent need of help.
现在他们似乎急需帮助。
2）that引导主语从句置于句首时，不可省略。
That the earth is round is now known to every schoolchild.
现在每个小学生都知道地球是圆的。（其中that虽无实际含义，但语法结构需要）
3）whether与if同义，但引导主语从句（尤其放在句首时）不宜使用if。例如：
Whether we do this today doesn't make much difference.
这件事是否今天做没多大关系。（whether不宜改用if）
但if可以用在以it作为形式主语的结构中。例如：
It doesn't matter if I missed my train, because there is another later.
我误了这班火车没关系，因为马上还有一列火车。
（正）Whether he is coming or nor
doesn't matter too much.
（正）It doesn't matter too much
whether he is coming or not.
（正）It doesn't matter too much if
he is coming or not.
（错）It he is coming or not doesn't
matter too much.
他来还是不来没多大关系。
4）如果以what引导的主语从句为单数概念，其主句的谓语动词用单数。例如：
What he said is correct. 他说得对。
When we shall have our sports meet is still a question.
我们什么时候开运动会仍然是个问题。
如果其后的表语是复数名词或从句表示的是复数概念，其主句的谓语动词要用复数。例如：
What he wants to buy are three ball-pens.
他想要买的是三支圆珠笔。
What I say and think are no business of yours.
我说什么，想什么，都与你无关。
一般将来时
1）shall用于第一人称，常被will所代替。
will在陈述句中用于第一人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称
Which paragraph shall I read first.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
2）be going to +不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow?
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。
The play is going to be produced next month。
c. 有迹象要发生的事
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a
storm.
3）be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
4）be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week
等明确表示将来时的时间状语连用
【模拟试题】
一、单项填空
1. Once _____, it will never be forgotten.
A. visited B.
visiting C.
visits D.
visit
2. Once ______, the book will be very popular.
A. published B.
being published
C. publishing D.
publish
3. ______200 people were killed and 1400 more injured in the
terrible bombing of Madrid, capital city of Spain.
A. As much as B. As many
as C. As long as D.
As far as
4. With more and more trees______, the inhabitants in the
rainforest, 90% of______ depend on insects, grass, meat or each other as their
food, will die out one day.
A. cut down； who B.
cut down； whom
C. cutting down； whom D.
cut down； which
5. —Do you know our town at all? —No, this is the first time I ______ here.
A. was B.
have been C. came D.
am coming
6. When I met him ______,he was serving as a guard.
A. first time B.
the first time
C. for the first time D.
a first time
7. I recommended ______an English-Chinese dictionary, which I
thought would be of great help to his studies.
A. buying B.
bought C.
to buy D.
be bought
8. He _____ the list of names to see that no one had been left out.
A. check B.
examined C. tested
D.
observed
9. ______be sent to work there?
A. Who do you suggest B.
Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should D.
Do you suggest whom should
10. The girl _____ in the party is my friend.
A. refers to B.
referring to C. referred
to D. who refers to
11. It is said that he ______ for more than a year.
A. has married her B.
has got married
C. has been married D.
has been married with her
12. We won't give up ______ we should fail ten times.
A. even if B.
since C.
whether D.
until
13. You're standing too near the camera. Can you move _____
?
A. a bit far B.
a little farther
C. a bit of farther D.
a little far
14. What sort of hair — style is best ______ mainly on the shape of
your face.
A. depend B.
depending C.
depends D.
to depend
15. —I've got your invitation.—Oh, good. ______
A. Can you come? B.
Thanks a lot.
C. I’ll take it. D.
May I help you?
16. —What about having a drink? —__________
A. Good idea. B.
Help yourself.
C. Go ahead, please. D.
Me, too.
17. The number of people invited_______ fifty, but a number of them
____absent for different reasons.
A. were；
was B. was； was C. was； were D.
were； were
18. ______ is no need for you to worry about him； he can look after himself now.
A. It B.
There C.
This D.
What
19. —Who ______with you to the airport? —Bob, is.
A. is going B.
will go C.
plans to go D. wants to go
20. —Excuse me, what's the time for Train 8201? -It ______ at seven
and you can wait in the hall.
A. is leaving B.
leaves C.
will leave D. has
left
21. When are you ______ Shanghai?
A. starting for B. going off
for C. leaving to D.
starting out to
22. —What did she say? —She said she ______ to the station ______ .
A. is going； see you off B.
will going； to see
off you
C. was going； to see off you D.
was going； to see
you off
23. —Oh, no! It's quarter to six already and I will miss my 6 o'clock train.
— That clock is half an hour fast. You have enough time to catch it.
A. Hurry up B.
Don' t make a joke
C. Take care D.
Don't worry
24. —With your help I have won the girls' 100 meters. Thank
you. —_______.
A. With pleasure B.
The same to you
C. It's a pleasure D.
That's right
25. —How a nice weekend? — _________.
A. The same to you B.
You do too
C. The same as you D.
You have it too
26. It was ______ they were used as an advertisement for the shop.
A. because B.
which C.
what D.
if
27. The problem is ______ we can master modem science and technology
in a short time.
A. if B.
that C.
what D.
how
28. —Doesn't Mr. Smith live on this street?—No. This is ______ Mr.
Brown lives.
A. which B.
where C.
how D.
that
29. Our village is no longer ______ over twenty years ago.
A. what was it B.
what it was
C. the village what was D.
what was the village
30. ______ was to return to school.
A. That really interested him B.
What really interested him
C. Which really interested him D.
That interested him really
31. ______ will be known tomorrow.
A. Whether the flower is black B.
If the flower is black
C. Whether is the flower black D.
If is the flower black
32. ______ dog was the first animal to be domesticated is generally
agreed upon by authorities in the field.
A. Until the B It
was the C.
The D.
That the
33. ______ that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are
universally reflected in facial expressions.
A. It has been discovered B.
The discovery seems the fact
C. The fact has discovered D.
The fact has been discovered
34. ______ told you to quit smoking was quite right.
A. Who B.
Whoever C.
Whomever D. What
35. ______ some mammals come to live in the sea is not known.
A. Which B.
Since C.
Although D.
How
二、完形填空
In the Ituri
rain forest in America live many different tribes, one of 1
is Pygmy. Most of the Pygmies are not taller than four feet. They 2
only about eighty pounds each. In spite of their small size, they are
the best 3 among all the
jungle people. Even the great elephant can be 4
by them. They can shoot three or four arrows so 5
that often the last one leaves the bow 6
the first has hit its mark. If an arrow should miss its 7
, the impatient Pygmy may become very angry,
8 his
arrows and step on them.
Since they do not plant any crops, Pygmies are 9
moving around. They seldom sleep in one camp for more than a few
days. In their camps there is no 10
at all except some weapons such as spears, bows, and arrows. There
are 11 cooking pots
either. Food is eaten 12 or
smoked over a fire. So when the tribe moves to a new camp there is 13
to carry except their weapons and babies too small to walk.
Pygmies can move on the trees almost as skillfully as 14
. Often they travel great distances through the branches without 15
the ground.
One of the 16 facts
about the small men and women is their appetite（胃口）. A Pygmy can 17
sixty bananas at a single meal 18
quantities of meat. After eating, they will 19
on their hard earth bed and groan all night. But in the morning, they
are ready to eat the same amount of food all over again.
In spite of the 20 life,
Pygmies are almost always good-natured and helpful. They seldom lie, steal or
fight among themselves.
|
1. A. them
|
B. those
|
C. that
|
D. which
|
|
2. A. have
|
B. weigh
|
C. eat
|
D. carry
|
|
3. A. players
|
B. farmers
|
C. workers
|
D. hunters
|
|
4. A.
frightened
|
B. shot
|
C. caught
|
D. raised
|
|
5. A. heavily
|
B. hurriedly
|
C. slowly
|
D. rapidly
|
|
6. A. after
|
B. before
|
C. until
|
D. since
|
|
7 A. animal
|
B. aim
|
C. eyes
|
D. sight
|
|
8. A. got
|
B. put away
|
C. sell
|
D. break
|
|
9. A. never
|
B. seldom
|
C. constantly
|
D. hardly
|
|
10. A.
furniture
|
B. things
|
C. tables
|
D. beds
|
|
11. A. some
|
B. much
|
C. no
|
D. special
|
|
12. A.
uncooked
|
B. burnt
|
C. untouched
|
D. fried
|
|
13. A. a lot
|
B. something
|
C. more
|
D. nothing
|
|
14. A. birds
|
B. rabbits
|
C. monkeys
|
D. deer
|
|
15. A.
touching
|
B. feeling
|
C. falling
|
D. seeing
|
|
16. A.
interested
|
B. surprising
|
C. moving
|
D. known
|
|
17. A. get up
|
B. take up
|
C. eat up
|
D. put up
|
|
18. A.
including
|
B. but
|
C. except
|
D. besides
|
|
19. A. lie
|
B. lay
|
C. stay
|
D. kneel
|
|
20. A.
comfortable
|
B. difficult
|
C. hard
|
D. happy
|
三、阅读理解
A
Every day we go to school and listen to the teacher, and the teacher
will ask us some questions. Sometimes, the classmates will ask your opinions of
the work of the class. When you are telling others in the class what you have
found out about these topics, remember that they must be able to hear what you
are saying. You are not taking part in a family conversation or having a chat
with friends---you are in a slightly unnatural situation where a large group of
people will remain silent, waiting to hear what you have to say. You must speak
so that they can hear you---loudly enough and clearly enough but without trying
to shout or appearing to force yourself.
Remember, too, that it is the same if you are called to an interview
whether it is with a professor of your school or a government official who
might meet you. The person you are seeing will try to put you at your ease but
the situation is somewhat different from that of a ordinary conversation. You
must take special care that you can be heard.
1. When you speak to the class, you should speak ________.
A. as slowly as possible
B. in a low voice C.
loudly D. forcefully
2. Usually, when you speak to the class, the class is ________.
A.
noisy B.
quiet C. having a
rest D. serious
3. The situation in the class is _________that in your house.
A. not very different
from
B. sometimes the same as
C. sometimes not the same
as D. not the
same as
4. If you are having a conversation with an official, the most
important thing for you is____.
A. to show your
ability
B. to be very gentle
C. to make sure that you can be heard D. to put
the official at ease
5. The main idea of this passage is _______.
A. that we should talk in different ways in different situations
B. that we must speak loudly
C. that we must keep silent at any time
D. that we must talk with the class
B
Today it seems perfectly natural for us to shake hands when we greet
someone or say goodbye. But like so many things that we do without thinking
such actions at one time probably represented something.
For example, in primitive（原始的） life the hand was used to fight enemies, kill animals, and make
spears and tools. So when the hand was extended to someone, it showed that the
person was not armed or ready for fight.
We know that the hand was an important symbol in early religion,
probably as a mark of power. The Greeks prayed to their gods with raised hands.
Presenting the hands palm to palm was at one time the way an inferior（身份低的） person paid respect to a
superior（身份高的） one.
Among the Arabs, it was customary at one time to kiss the hand of a
superior. Later on, polite Arabs began to resist the efforts of people to kiss
their hands, and sometimes they would end up shaking hands as each tried to
prevent the other from showing this mark of “inferiority（下级）.”
The early Greeks held out the right hand when they wished to show
friendship to a stranger. So we can see that the hand, and what was done with
it, was full of meaning to people down through the ages. And while we shake
hands without thinking, we are really carrying on a custom that has been handed
down to us from ancient times.
6. The second paragraph tells us __________.
A. the handshake didn’t mean greeting
B. what hands were used to do in primitive life
C. the handshake showed men’s kindness D. the
handshake showed nothing
7. Human beings first made their living by________.
A. hunting B.
fishing C.
hand D. farming
8. Among the Arabs, at one time,_________.
A. people kissed each other whenever they met
B. men kissed the women whenever they met
C. less important person kissed more important person’s hand
D. more important person kissed less important person’s hand
9. Generally speaking, in different countries________.
A. people shake hands in the same way B. handshake has
different meanings
C. strangers never
have handshake D. people only use handshake to
show friendship
10. The phrase “ hand down” in the last sentence means ________.
A. put down B. leave
down C. give
down D. pass down
C
For many years Henry had been a journalist. He had worked on many
international newspapers and magazines and traveled all over the world.
Henry had witnessed wars and natural disasters such as
floods, earthquakes and erupting volcanos （火山爆发） .
He had reported on serious accidents such as major fires and airline
crashes.
He had seen every kind of terrible crime and strange event there
was.
He had met and written about some of the most unusual people in the
world.
In fact, there wasn’t much that Henry had not seen or done.
Now he was retired from journalism（新闻业）. He owned a very expensive restaurant and
spent his days talking to his wealthy and important customers. He liked to say
that nothing surprised him.
One day he was sitting at the bar in his restaurant when a big
gorilla walked in and asked for a table.
Henry showed no surprise. He took the gorilla to a table and handed
him a menu. He treated him politely and pretended there was nothing at all
strange about having a gorilla in his restaurant.
The gorilla looked through the menu and ordered a salad.
Henry served the gorilla his salad personally, knowing that his waiters
and waitresses would be too frightened.
At last the gorilla finished his salad and asked for the bill.
Henry wrote out the bill and handed it to the big animal.
The gorilla studied it, shook his head sadly, then gave Henry fifty
dollars.
“Thank you”, Henry said, and then to make conversation he added, “We
don’t get many gorillas in this restaurant.”
“At fifty dollars for a salad,” the gorilla said, “I’m not
surprised.”
11. What does the underlined word “witness” mean?
A. to see or notice something by being present when it happens
B. to be a sign of
C. to tell and prove what happened in court
D. to feel unhappy with
12. According to the story, Henry had .
A. had the most exciting experiences
B. told the tallest stories
C. made history
D. caused accidents
13. One day when a gorilla came into the restaurant, Henry was .
A. very surprised by the gorilla
B. not disturbed by the gorilla
C. very interested in the gorilla
D. scared of the gorilla
14. From the sentence “Henry served the gorilla his salad
personally, knowing that his waiters and waitresses would be too frightened”
you learn that:
.
A. His staff were not brave people
B. Henry didn’t normally serve customers
C. The gorilla had eaten there before
D. The gorilla was careful with his money
15. The gorilla was .
A. angry with the salad
B. still hungry after his salad
C. not surprised by the cost of the food
D. surprised by the prices
D
“If you want to see a thing well, reach out and touch it!”
That may seem a strange thing to say. But touching things can help
you to see them better.
Your eyes can tell you that a glass ball is round. But by holding it
in your hands, you can feel how smooth and cool the ball is. You can feel how
heavy the glass is. When you feel all these about the ball, you really see it.
With your skin, you can feel better. For example, your fingers can tell the
difference between two coins in your pocket. You can feel a little drop of
water on the back of your hand, too. You can even feel sounds against your
skin. Have you ever wanted to know why some people like very loud music? They
must like to feel the sounds of music.
All children soon learn what “Don’t touch!” means. They hear it
often. Yet most of us keep on touching things as we grow up. In shops, we touch
things we might buy: food, clothes. To see something well, we have to touch it.
The bottoms of our feet can feel things, too. You know this when you walk on
warm sand, cool grass or a hard floor. All feel different under your feet.
There are ways of learning to see well by feeling. One way is to
close your eyes and try to feel everything that is touching your skin. Feel the
shoes on your feet, the clothes on your body, the air on your skin. At first,
it is not easy to feel these things. You are too used to them!
Most museums are just for looking. But today some museums have some
things to touch. Their signs say, “Do touch!” There you can feel everything on
show.
If you want to see better, reach out and touch. Then you will really
see!
16. By touching things .
A. you will have a strange feeling
B. you will learn how to reach out your hand
C. you can learn more about them
D. you can tell what colors they really are
17. Which of the following can be the best title of the story?
A. Touching by
Feeling
B. To See or to Feel
C. To See Better—Feel
D. Ways of Feeling
18. Which of the following parts can tell you the difference between
two coins in your pocket?
A. Your fingers. B. Your
eyes. C. Your
skin. D. Your back.
19. What can’t your skin feel?
A.
Sounds.
B. Darkness. C. Water. D.
Coins.
20. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Touching is helping us to see better.
B. Our skins may help us enjoy music.
C. People don’t have to learn to feel.
D. Visitors can’t feel the things on show in any museums.
四、短文改错
By midday the sun was very strong, Jim was so tired 1.
to walk.
There was no trees near the road, so he rested 2.
under a big
rock. After drinking some water, he took his 3.
shirt, lying
down on the ground and fell asleep at once. 4.
He was very
tired that he didn’t wake up until the evening. 5.
He was just
about to jump while he felt something moving 6.
near his
feet. He looked up and saw a long black snake. 7.
Jim was so
frightening that he didn’t dare to move. The 8.
snake began
to crawl（爬） across
his legs. It crawled on and 9.
on until it
was disappeared under the rocks, Jim jumped 10.
to his feet,
picked up his shirt and ran down the road.
五、书面表达
用约120个单词写一篇保护野生动植物的短文。内容应包含：
1. 野生动植物的现状；
2. 交代造成许多野生动植物濒临灭绝的种种原因，如：破坏森林、污染等；
3. 至少提出三条保护野生动植物的措施。
【试题答案】
一、单项填空
1—5
AABDB 6—10 CAAAC 11—15 CABCA 16—20 ACBAA
21—25
ADDCA 26—30 ADBBB 31—35 ADABD
二、完形填空
1—5
DBDCD 6—10 BBDCA 11—15 CADCA 16—20 BCDAC
三、阅读理解
1—5 CBDCA 6—10 BCCBD 11—15 AABBD 16—20 CCABD
四、短文改错
1. so →too 2.
was →were 3.
took∧off 4.
lying →lay
5. very→ so 6.
while →when 7.
up →down
8. frightening
→frightened 9.
√ 10.
was
五、书面表达
Many of the earth’s plants and animals have already died out, and a
hundred species become endangered every day. If nothing is done, we may find
ourselves alone on the earth.
Wild animals live in forests which are being destroyed by people. As
a result, the animals are losing their habitats. Without the trees, the animals
are short of food. And many animals are dying out because of pollution.
I suggest that measures be taken to protect wildlife. The government
should keep people from destroying forests and shut down the factories which
pollute rivers and air. I think more wildlife centers should also be built.