【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 3 Understanding each other
二. 教学目标：Reading Strategy, words and
expressions
三. 教学重难点：words and expressions
（一）Reading Strategy
Examples are often used in texts and serve several
purposes. They can be used to explain concepts and ideas, to support arguments
and as interesting stories. In the text above, an example is used to explain
the concept of cultural differences between English speakers from different
countries, e.g. ‘Our American teacher is always talking about …’. Examples in
the above text are also used to support the argument that there are differences
as well as similarities between Western weddings e.g., ‘In the UK, the guests
are expected to give presents to the newly-weds, but in Italy…’. There is also an example used as an interesting story about cultural misunderstanding,
e.g., ‘the British teacher … opened the present as soon as he was given it at
the end-of-term ceremony’. Understanding the use of examples can aid
comprehension of a text.
（二）Words and expressions
1. difference n. 区别，差异
different adj. be different from
differ v. differ from
2. guys n. （复数）<美口>伙计们，兄弟们
3. accumulate vt. & vi. 积聚，积累
1) to gradually get more and more money, possessions,
knowledge etc over a period of time
eg. It is unjust that a privileged few should continue
to accumulate wealth.
2) to gradually increase in numbers or amount until
there is a large quantity in one place
eg. Fat tends to accumulate around the hips and thighs.
4. topic n. 话题，主题
5. native
adj. 本地的，本国的
1) [only before noun] your native country, town etc. is
the place where you were born
eg. They never saw their native land again.
He spent most of his professional life outside his
native Poland.
2) native language/tongue
eg. the language you spoke when you first learned to
speak
eg. English is not the native language for almost half
of our overseas visitors.
n. 本地人
1) a person who was born in a particular place
native of eg. a native of Switzerland
2) someone who lives in a place all the time or has
lived there a long time
native of eg. He has become a native of Glasgow.
6. accent n. 口音
1) the way someone pronounces the words of a language,
showing which country or which part of a country they come from
eg.
He noticed that I spoke Polish with an accent .
English/American/Indian etc. accent
2) the part of a word that you should emphasize when you
say it
7. unbelievable adj. 难以置信的
1) very good, successful, or impressive
eg. The opportunities are unbelievable.
2) very bad or shocking
eg. The pain was unbelievable.
It was unbelievable that we were expected to pay twice.
3) so extreme that it hardly seems possible
He’s so lazy, it’s unbelievable.
4) very difficult to believe and therefore probably
untrue
His excuse for being late was totally unbelievable.
unbelievably adv.
eg. an unbelievably bad movie
believe v. 相信 believe
in 信仰
8. yeah adv. 是的
9. tradition n. 传统
a belief, custom, or way of doing something that has
existed for a long time, or these beliefs, customs etc. in general
eg. The university has a long tradition of supporting
the arts.
the ancient traditions of South East Asia
10. turkey n. 火鸡
11. celebration n. 庆祝，庆典
1) [C]an occasion or party when you celebrate something
eg. anniversary/birthday etc. celebrations
the lively New Year celebrations in the city centre
2) [s, u] the act of celebrating
in celebration of sth.
eg. a reception in
celebration of the Fund’s 70th Anniversary
celebrate v. 庆祝
celebrity n. 名人
12. settler n. 移民者，定居者
settle
1) end
argument v. 解决，处理
to end an argument or solve a disagreement
settle a dispute/lawsuit/conflict/argument etc.
eg. We hope the factions will be able to settle their
differences (=agree to stop arguing) by peaceful means.
2) decide
v.
决定
to decide what you are going to do, especially so that
you can make definite arrangements
eg. Nothing’s settled yet.
3) start
living in place v. 移居，定居
to go to a place where no people have lived permanently
before and start to live there
eg. This territory was settled in the mid-1850s by
German immigrants.
settlement n. 解决，殖民（过程）
13. chat room （网络）聊天室
14. end-of-term n. 学期末
15. wedding n. 婚礼，结婚典礼
16. confetti n. （婚礼或庆祝仪式上抛撒的）五彩纸屑
17. embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的，令人难堪的
making you feel
ashamed, nervous, or uncomfortable
eg. She asked a lot of embarrassing questions .
an embarrassing situation
embarrassing for eg. This incident is deeply embarrassing
for the government.
embarrass v. 使……尴尬 embarrassment
n. 窘，焦急
18. newly-wed n. 新婚人
19. souvenir n. 纪念品
[c] an object that you buy or keep to remind yourself of
a special occasion or a place you have visited
souvenir of eg. I bought a model of the Eiffel Tower as a souvenir of Paris.
a souvenir shop
20. clarify vt. 阐明，澄清
1) (fml) to make something clearer or easier to
understand
clarify issues/a statement/matters etc.
eg. Could you clarify one or two points for me?
Reporters asked him to clarify his position (=say
exactly what his beliefs are) on welfare reform.
clarify how/what etc.
eg. The report aims to clarify how these conclusions
were reached.
21. banquet n. 宴会
[c]a formal dinner
for many people on an important occasion
eg. a state banquet
(=one attended by heads of government and other important people)
22. participate vi. 参加
(fml) to take part
in an activity or event
eg. Some members
refused to participate.
participate in
eg. Everyone in the class is expected to participate
actively in these discussions.
They welcomed the opportunity to participate fully in
the life of the village.
23. reception n. 招待会；接待；接受
1) welcome/
reaction
[c]a particular type of welcome for someone, or a
particular type of reaction to their ideas, work etc
eg. She was unsure of her reception after everything
that had happened.
a warm/good/enthusiastic reception
2) party
[c] a large formal party to celebrate an event or to
welcome someone
eg. It’s an ideal
location for a wedding reception .
24. bridegroom n. 新郎
bride n. 新娘
25. alcohol n. 白酒；烈性酒；酒精
1) [u] drinks such
as beer or wine that contain a substance which can make you drunk
eg. I don’t drink
alcohol anymore.
26. drum n. 鼓；鼓状物
27. first finger 食指 thumb
拇指
middle finger 中指 ring
finger 无名指
little finger 小指
28. adjust vi. &
vt. 调整，调节
to gradually become
familiar with a new situation [adapt]
eg. They’ll soon
settle in - kids are very good at adjusting.
adjust to
eg. It took a few
seconds for her eyes to adjust to the darkness.
adjust to doing
something
eg. My parents had
trouble adjusting to living in an apartment.
adjust yourself to
something
eg. It took time to
adjust myself to motherhood.
29. royal adj. 王室的，皇家的
1) relating to or
belonging to a king or queen
eg. the royal palace
the royal family
2) used in the names
of organizations that serve or are supported by a king or queen
eg. the Royal Navy
the Royal College of Music
30. log off （电脑）关机；下线
31. analyze vt. 分析
to examine or think
about something carefully, in order to understand it
eg. She still needs to analyse the data.
You need to sit down and analyse why you feel so upset.
32. excitement n. 兴奋，激动
excite v. 使……兴奋，使……激动
excited adj. 令人兴奋的，令人激动的exciting兴奋的，激动的
33. misunderstand
vt. 误解，误会
to fail to
understand someone or something correctly
eg. Richard, you
must have misunderstood her! Sarah would never say something like that.
Don’t misunderstand
me.
34. broken adj. 出毛病的，坏的，破损的
35. summary n. 摘要，概要
a short statement
that gives the main information about something, without giving all the details
eg. A brief summary
is given on a separate sheet.
summary of eg. The
group produces a monthly summary of their research.
in summary eg. In
summary, do not sell your shares.
36. habit n. 习惯
37. custom n. 习俗，风俗
customs 海关 customer 顾客
38. expectation n. 期望，期待
expect v. 期望，期待
39. nationality n. 国籍；民族
nation n. 国家 national adj. 国家的 international adj. 国际的
40. homeland n. 祖国，家乡[motherland]
【模拟试题】
I. 选择填空
1. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what
_________ in my new job.
A. expected B.
to expect C. to be
expecting D. expects
2. Yesterday he came to our school. He soon adjusted _________ here.
A. to study B.
to studying C. studying D.
study
3. In _________ Chinese culture, marriage decisions are often made by parents for
their children
A. traditional B.
historic C. remote D.
initial
4. If _________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.
A. giving B.
give C.
given D.
being given
5. He is said to _________ for a
long time. Is that true?
A. have got married B.
have married
C. have been married D.
be married
6. _________ all London taxis were black, but now you sometimes see other
colours.
A. At one time B.
At a time C. From
time to time D. At the same time
7. The book _________ forty maps, _________ three of Great Britain.
A. is containing; including B.
contains; includes
C. includes; containing D.
contains; including
8. Don’t take it too _________.
I’m just saying it _________ fun.
A. friendly; in B.
greatly; is C. seriously; for D.
much; with
9. You _________ TV. Why not do something more attractive?
A. are always watching B.
always watch
C. have always watching D.
have always been watching
10. Will you _________ the clock? It’s slow.
A. adjust B.
fast C.
order D.
reform
II. 阅读理解：
I have always found the Chinese to be a very gracious
people. In particular, Chinese frequently compliment foreign friends on their
language skills, knowledge of Chinese culture, professional accomplishments,
and personal health. Curiously, however, Chinese are as loath to accept a
compliment as they are eager to give one. As many of my Chinese friends have
explained, this is a manifestation of the Chinese virtue of modesty.
I have noticed a difference, though, in the degree to
which modesty is emphasized in the United States and China. In the U.S., we tend to place more emphasis on “seeking the truth from facts”; thus, Americans
tend to accept a compliment with gratitude. Chinese, on the other hand, tend to
reject the compliment, even when they know they deserve the credit or
recognition which has been awarded them. I can imagine a Chinese basketball fan
meeting Michael Jordan of the Chicago Bulls. He might say, “Mr. Jordan, I am so happy to meet you. I just want to tell you, you are the best basketball
player in the world; you’re the greatest!” to which Jordan would probably
respond, “Thank you so much, I really appreciate it! I just do try to do my
best every time I step on the court.” If an American met Deng Yaping, China’s premier ping pong player, he might say much the same thing: “…Ms. Deng, you’re the best!”
but as a Chinese, Deng would probably say, “No, I really don’t play all that
well, you’re much too kind.”
Plainly, Americans and Chinese have different ways of
responding to praise. Ironically（讽刺地）, many Americans might consider Ms. Deng’s hypothetical response the
less modest, because it is less truthful — and therefore less sincere. Americans generally place sincerity
above etiquette（礼仪，礼节）; genuine gratitude for the praise serves as a substitute for
protestations of modesty. After all, in the words of one of my closest Chinese
friends, modesty taken to the extreme is arrogance（自大，傲慢）.
True or False questions:
11. In China, Chinese tend to accept a compliment when
they know they deserve the recognition awarded to them.
12. When we met Mr. Jordan, saying “You’re a great
basketball player”, he would say “No, I really don’t play all that well.”
13. Deng Yaping tended to reject
the foreigners’ praise because she thought it was a manifestation of the
Chinese virtue of modesty.
14. From the passage, we can see
modesty is arrogance.
【试题答案】
I. 1. B 2. B 3.
A 4. C 5.
C
6. A 7.
D 8. C 9.A 10.
A
11. F 12.
F 13. T 14. F