【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 2 Global Warming
二. 具体过程
1. announcer n. 广播员,告知者
announce v. 发表, 广播（电台节目）,通告,正式宣布
例:The news announcer is standing
by for the broadcast program at 8.
新闻广播员正在为八点钟的播音节目作好准备。
The news was announced by Radio Beijing.
这条消息是由北京广播电台播发的。
announce 与declare 的区别
declare 经常用于正式场合, 指“清楚, 有力地, 公开让人知道”, 如: He
declared his intention to run for office. 他宣布了自己参加竞选的想法。
announce 指“把人们关心或感兴趣的事正式公布于众”, 如: announce a sale 公布减价。 另外announce和declare后边一般跟宾语和宾补
2. under way 在进行中
Examples:
The program is under way.
计划正在进行中。
含有way的词组
all the way一路上 by the way顺便说 by way of经由，作为
make/lose/find one’s way到……/迷路/找到路 get/have one’s
own way为所欲为 give
way屈服,倒塌 go one’s own way按自己的意愿行事 in a way/in one way/in
some ways在某种程度上 in
the way挡路 on the
way to在某人去……的路上
give one’s way让路
3. means n. 方法,手段
Please find alternative means of transport.
请另外找一个运输方法。
Radio and television are important means of communication.
无线电和电视是重要的通信手段。
by means of用,凭借
by all means尽一切办法,务必 by no means决不
4. bring about带来,造成 ;发生,引起
Science have bring about many change in our lives.
科学为我们生活带来了很多变化。
Indigestion may bring about this disease.
消化不良可能引起这种病。
bring down 使倒下，使崩溃，杀死
bring forth 引起；产生：
bring forward 呈上；提出：
bring in 【法律】 宣布（裁决） 生出、产生或挣得（利润，收入）
bring out 揭示，揭露； 推出，出版
bring up 照料，教育（小孩）；抚养 ;呕吐; 使……突然停下
5. locate v. 找出,设于,位于
Examples:
（1）The company wished to locate its new factory
beside the river.
这家公司希望把新工厂设在河边。
（2）After he retires he’s going to locate in
California.
他打算退休后到加利福尼亚定居。
locate，situate
这两个词可以用作主动，表示“把……放置在……地方；确定……的位置”
Bats locate obstacles.蝙蝠确定障碍物的位置。
The council is trying to decide where to situate the new hospital.
委员会正试图决定将新医院建在何处。
这两个词也可以用作被动, 表示“位于”
My school was located near the river.
我的学校靠近河边。
The village is situated in a valley.
那个村子在山谷里。
6. debate n. 辩论,讨论 v. 辩论
After a long debate the bill was passed.
经长时间的辩论，议案获得通过。
argue 指一方坚持自己的意见,立场和观点,通过争论企图说服对方(argue with sb.
about/over sth.)
debate 多指公开,正式场合进行的辩论或严肃的争论,双方各自陈述理由,“交锋”“往返”的意味较强
discuss 指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的讨论,磋商
dispute 指持续,激烈的争论,语气较强,有“相持不下,未得解决”的意思(in dispute在争论中)
quarrel 争吵,争论,含与人发生口角的意思
7. manageable a. 易办的,易管理的,易控制的
We are trying to reduce the problem to manageable proportions.
我们正努力把问题缩小到可以控制的范围内。
manage v. 处理,维持,达成,管理
（1）I finally managed to find the book I was looking
for.
我终于找到了一直在找的书。
（2）His wife knows how to manage him when he is angry.
他的妻子知道在他生气时怎么对付他。
（3）He managed the company when his father was away
ill.
在他的父亲生病不在的时候，他管理公司。
8. run out of 用完= use up
He has run out of red ink.
他的红墨水用完了。
run out 用尽 耗尽
注意两者的区别: Our time is running
out./We are running out of time.
我们剩下的时间不多了。
9. fade v. 褪色,消失,凋谢 fade out淡出 fade away逐渐消失fade into逐渐消失而变成(无足轻重的东西)
Examples:
（1）The
closing music fades out when the hero rides off into the sunset.
当男主角策马向夕阳驰去时，尾声音乐逐渐消失。
（2）Flowers soon faded when they have been cut.
花剪下后很快就会枯萎。
（3）Hopes of a peaceful settlement are now fading.
和平解决的希望正在消失。
（4）As evening came the coastline faded into darkness.
夜晚来临，海岸线融入茫茫夜色中。
10. observation观察; 了解
observe v. 观察,遵守,注意到;庆祝
Examples:
（1）I observed him entering the bank with a gun.
( observe sb. do / doing 的结构)
我看到他带着枪进了银行。
（2）Do you observe Christmas?
你有过圣诞节的习俗吗？
（3）We should observe the proprieties.
我们应该遵守礼节。
11. ruin n. 毁灭; 废墟(pl.),
v. 毁坏,破坏
in ruins 成了一片废墟了
Examples:
（1）The castle now lies in ruins.
那城堡现在已成了一片废墟了。
（2）The rain ruined my painting.
这场雨把我的画给毁了。
（3）His rashness led ultimately to his ruin.
他的急躁卤莽最终导致了他的毁灭。
（4）He ruined his prospects by carelessness.
他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。
1) damage指“损坏”，一般暗示损坏后价值或效益会降低，这种损坏是部分性的。有时该词也用于借喻。
2) destroy 意为“破坏；摧毁；消灭；毁灭”，指完全彻底的破坏，含有无法修复之意，也可用于借喻。如：
3) ruin 多用于借喻之中，有时泛指一般性的破坏，指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度。也可指对美好事物的破坏.
12. turn out生产；证明是 turn away 走开；把脸转过去 turn one’s back on 不理睬
turn on 开，旋开(电灯等) turn
off 关(水源等)；拐弯 turn into 进入；使变成，使成为
turn in 转身进入；拐入；交出；上床睡觉 turn down 关小，调低；拒绝
turn against 对……采取敌对态度 by turns 轮流，交替 take turns 依次，轮流
on the turn 正在转变中 in turn 依次，轮流；转而，反过来 turn up 出现；找到；
turn to 变成；求助于；着手；查阅 turn over (机器等)运转；翻过来；仔细考虑
13. strengthen v. 加强,变坚固
Examples:
（1）The wind strengthened during the night.
风在夜间刮得更猛了。
（2）The soldiers strengthened their defenses.
士兵们加强了他们的防御工事。
en-：加在名词、形容词或动词前构成动词。如：encourage（鼓励），enable , enlarge 还可以作为后缀, 如:
widen; broaden; soften; shorten; lengthen
14. comparison n. 比较
in comparison with 和……比较起来
by comparison 通过比较
Examples:
（1）He is rather dull in comparison with others.
和别人比较起来，他相当迟钝。
（2）We can only tell good from bad by comparison.
我们可以通过比较来分辨好坏。
compare to vt. 比拟
compare with vt. 与……相比(同……比较起来)
compared with …; +主句
15. alternate a. 交替的,轮流的 v. 交替,轮流
Examples:
（1）Sunny weather alternated with rain.
天气晴雨相间。
（2）We alternate in doing the housework.
我们轮流做家务。
（3）She gets Saturdays off in her new job as against
working alternate weekends in her last one.
她新找的这份工作星期六放假，而原来的那份工作周末是隔周放假。
alternative a. 两者择一的n. 替换物,取舍 v. 两者取一
Examples:
（1）Have you got an alternative suggestion?
你有没有其他建议？
（2）We have no alternative, but to do it.
我们别无选择，只能做了。
（3）There appears to be no alternative.
似乎没有别的选择。
（4）Disillusioned voters want an alternative to the
two main parties.
失望的选民需要一个党派以取代这两个大党。
alternately ad. 交替地,隔一个地
16. circumstance n. 环境,状况,事件
Examples:
（1）Due to circumstances beyond our control the
lecture was cancelled.
由于无法控制的情况，讲座取消了。
（2）He was forced by the circumstances to do this.
他做此事是为环境所迫。
circumstance 意为“环境,情形,情况”,常用复数形式,表明与某事件或某人有关的情况,环境,境况等.
under no circumstance在任何情况下决不，例：Under no circumstance
should you lend him some money.无论如何你都不要借给他钱。（要用倒装）
surroundings常用复数形式,指“环境,周围的事物”,词义较狭窄,仅指周围的具体的物质性的东西.
The students live happily in beautiful surroundings.
surround动词“包围”，surrounding“周围的”
environment意为“环境, 周围的状况,自然环境”一个生物体或一群生物体周围的整体状况,尤其指作用和影响这群生物体的生长,发展和生存的外界物质条件的总和.
The twins were separated at birth and
brought up in entirely different environment.
【模拟试题】
一、单项选择。
1. The house wanted __________, unless he decided to move into the
country.
A. done up B.
to do up C.
doing up D.
being done up
2. If you _________ earlier yesterday, you would have met him at the
party.
A. didn’t leave B.
hadn’t left C. wouldn’t leave D.
wouldn’t have left
3. I’ll write a letter to __________ people are on the list.
A. any B.
all C.
whoever D.
whichever
4. What do these achievements have __________?
A. in common B. the same C.
in share D.
in store
5. Some people waste a lot of food __________ others haven’t enough
to eat.
A. however B.
when C.
as D.
while
6. __________ the dancer comes from?
A. Do you suppose where B.
Where you suppose
C. Where do you suppose D.
You suppose where
7. Mr. Green is an Australian, __________ I know from his accent.
A. who B.
whom C.
which D.
that
8. - How time flies. It is already 10 o’clock.
- Oh, I __________ it at all.
A. don’t realize B. didn’t realize C.
haven’t realized D. hadn’t realize
9. __________ several times, but he doesn’t know how to do it
properly.
A. Being shown B. Having shown C.
Having been shown D. I’ve shown him
10. Not until the rain stopped __________ to continue their way
again.
A. they started B.
started they C. did they start D.
had they started
11. __________ only 20 minutes to go before the train left, I felt
uneasy in the taxi to the railway station.
A. For B.
As C.
Because D.
With
12. He is not ___________ to leave at once.
A. possible B.
probably C.
likely D.
possibly
13. She tried her best to make her work __________.
A. perfectly B.
perfect C.
beautiful D.
beautifully
14. Now we can see __________ problem population is.
A. what serious B. such serious C.
how serious a D. so a serious
15. Today, if you find something useful on the Internet, you can
download and __________ it.
A. save B.
spare C.
share D.
turn
二、完形填空。
While you are much safer inside than out, lightning can strike you
even in the home. Here’s how to 1 yourself
indoors:
Stay away from 2 . Get out of the shower of bath.
Don’t 3 conductors such as fireplaces and metal
pipes. Chery1 Falvey of Killingworth Conn., was struck 4 lightning
last year while washing her clothes. Lightning 5 a
window next to the washing machine, struck her right hand, 6
through her body and finally out of her 7 arm.
“It was as though I was 8 a bolt（雷电）of lightning in my hands,”
remembers Falvey, who was 9 across the room.
Stay off the telephone. It isn’t an old wives’ 10 –
many people have been hurt through telephone wires. It was 11
outside while Peter Van Artrijk, Jr. was on the 12
at his house in Florida. “ Bam! A bolt
hit the building,” he says. “I 13 the hair on my
arms stand on end and a charge（电荷）hit me through telephone, which was 14 blown
out of my hand.”
Unplug（拔插头）televisions, computers, etc. Don’t just turn them 15
. If the house is struck, they could be damaged if you keep them 16
in.
Try lightning rods（避雷针）if your 17 is
very often hit by lightning. 18 fixed, says
Rust, lightning rods 19 the chances of damage to
a home and to the 20 inside it.
1. A. save B.
hide C.
spend D.
protect
2. A. houses B.
rooms C.
doors D.
windows
3. A. touch B.
grasp C.
move D.
seize
4. A. by B.
through C.
into D.
with
5. A. broke B.
reached C.
entered D.
forced
6. A. slipped B.
travelled C.
spread D.
rolled
7. A. wounded B.
hurt C.
right D.
left
8. A. holding B.
carrying C.
keeping D.
placing
9. A. shaken B.
swept C.
thrown D.
drawn
10. A. talk B.
tale C.
news D.
report
11. A. dark B.
lightning C.
silent D.
raining
12. A. phone B.
sofa C.
bed D.
chair
13. A. felt B.
discovered C. found D.
sensed
14. A. simply B.
hardly C.
almost D.
completely
15. A. on B.
over C.
off D.
down
16. A. turned B.
plugged C.
opened D.
played
17. A. town B.
area C.
building D.
courtyard
18. A. Properly B.
Exactly C.
Correctly D.
Prettily
19. A. recover B.
reuse C.
repair D.
reduce
20. A. men B.
women C.
people D.
families
三、阅读理解。
A
SINGAPORE-----Another Thai worker died in his sleep last
Friday, the second such mysterious death in the past three days and the 10th
since the beginning of the year. Thongchai Sombattra, 22, is said to be the
youngest to have died mysteriously this year. A total of 10 young Thai
construction workers in their late 20s or 30s who appeared well and healthy
when they went to bed have died since the beginning of this year. They were
either found dead in the morning or had died suddenly in the middle of the
night after some difficulty in breathing. (From China Daily, March
19, 1990)
1. Thongchai Sombattra died ______.
A. in his 30s B.
in his early 20s
C. of lung trouble D.
on Friday morning
2. The workers died because _____.
A. they went to bed
late B.
they are mysterious
C. they had trouble in breathing D.
of a terrible disease
B
The money for the space program of the United States has been
questioned by some people. There are suggestions that the money could be
better spent elsewhere. Some people believe that the Apollo to the moon
could have been better and more cheaply done by robots. Their arguments
may have some value. It is true, however, that never in history was
mankind so united or so focused on one event as when Neil A. Armstrong climbed
down a ladder from the Apollo and stepped onto the moon. The effect of feelings
of this event is something to be considered when we look at the space
program. President Nixon spoke these words to the astronauts, “… all the
people on this earth are truly one ----- one in the pride in what you have done
….” “We came in peace of all mankind.” These words give noble ideas that
we on earth must try to achieve in our daily lives. Perhaps the writer
Archibald Macleish made the best comment as to what the moon flight -- Apollo
might mean for all mankind. He wrote that to see the earth as it truly
is, small and beautiful, to see ourselves as brothers, brothers who know they
are truly brothers.
3. The writer believes that _________.
A. the space program is worthless
B. President Nixon made the best comment about
the Apollo
C. The effect of feelings of the event of the
moon landing is important in judging its cost
D. Archibald Macleish is a great writer
4. The writer suggests that __________.
A. the space flight should be questioned
B. all the people on the earth watch TV
C. the moon flight may help us to see ourselves
as brothers
D. the astronauts came in peace
5. The word “elsewhere” in the passage means _____.
A. other program B.
other country C. other place D.
other state
C
The story of the Kennedy brothers is rather like one of
those songs which children sing happily and which end up with the shout, “And
then there none.”
The eldest brother was killed in the war, John was shot
in Dallas in 1963, Robert was murdered in 1968, and Edward’s chances of
becoming president may have died when his car had an accident, killing the
passenger.
The four boys were brought up by their father to do and
fight for nothing but the best, whether on the games field or in political
life. He managed to give them so much ambition(雄心) and energy that only since
the youngest brother found his political death, have people begun to ask
themselves, “Why did we look on the Kennedys as the family chosen to lead the
USA to a better future?”
In fact, John and Robert had both shown their ability
and courage in international politics and their work for civil rights, and
Edward had a good record as senator(上议员); but so had many other people. Only history will show how
much of the Kennedy story was built on fact and how much on the famous family
name.
6. The best title for the article is ________.
A. Political Murder B.
The Best Family of USA
C. A Famous Family Name D.
The Kennedy Brother
7. From the article we know that old Kennedy taught his
sons _______.
A. to aim high and try to achieve great success
B. to fight for everything
C. to try their best to be good citizens
D. not to waste so much of their energy in
fighting
8. According to the article, Edward Kennedy _______.
A. was the oldest of the four brothers B.
liked to sing children’s song
C. died in a hospital soon after the car accident D.
was active in political life
9. Which of the following is wrong?
A. Two of the brothers were murdered in the
1960s.
B. Edward was elected president of the US.
C. The father raised the boys by teaching them
what to struggle for.
D. People used to think highly of the Kennedy
brothers.
10. The writer thought that _______.
A. the Kennedy family was the best choice of the
American people
B. the brothers had the greatest chance of
becoming president of the USA
C. besides the Kennedy brothers, many other
people had great ability in politics.
D. the Kennedy story was built not on fact but on
the family name
四、写作。
|
put forward, announce, boom, give,
rely on, create, make, aim at,
no accident, be filled with,
develop
|
Chinese history
__________ great achievements in science and technology. Since the early 1990s, China had been enjoying a __________ in scientific and
technological development. The success is __________. In 1995, the Chinese
government __________ a plan for “rejuvenating the nation by __________ science
and education” and it has helped scientists __________ many breakthroughs. The
results are impressive.
CSA __________ the
highly successful Long March rocket series. Also China has long been a leader
in the field of genetic research __________ improving agriculture. In 2000,
Chinese scientists __________ that they had completed their part of the
international human genome project. Recently, a chemical element that can fight
cancer cells, __________ by scientists in Shanghai, __________ hope to cancer
patients all over the world.
【试题答案】
一、1. C 2. B 3. D 4.
A 5. D 6.
C 7. C 8.
B 9. D 10.
C
11. D 12.
C 13. B 14. C 15.
A
二、1. D 2. D 3. A 4.
A 5. C 6.
B 7. D 8.
A 9. C 10.
B
11. D 12.
A 13. A 14.
C 15. C 16. B 17.
B 18. A 19.
D 20. C
三、1. B 2. C 3. C 4.
C 5. A 6.
D 7. A 8.
D 9. B 10.
C
四、is filled with, boom, no accident, put
forward, relying on, make, has developed, aimed at,
announced, created, gives