【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Book 7 Module 1 Basketball
二. 重难点讲解
1. basis n.
The basis of morality, friendship
Arguments that have a firm basis
be based on/ upon 以…为基础
base… on/ upon…
These charges are based on facts.
The good business was based on good service.
2. attend
（1）出席，到场（to go to an event such as a meeting or a class.）
Attend school/church/ a meeting
（2）照料（to look after someone, especially because they are ill.）
Two nurses attend（on）the
patient.
（3）attend
to 处理
I may be late- I have got one or two things to
attend to.
3. average
（1）（adj.） 平均的
这个州的平均收入是约1，500美元一个月。
The average earnings in the state are about $ 1,500 a month.
（2）（n.） 平均，平均水平
这儿冬季平均气温是1度，夏季为23度
Here the average of winter temperature is1，and
in summer 23.
On average men smoke more cigarette than women.
（3）v.
平均为
我猜想，我每天平均大约要喝五杯咖啡。
I suppose I average about 5 cups of coffee a
day.
above / below the average
高于/低于平均水平
on（the）average
平均
4. admire
及物动词 vt. 赞美；欣赏
look at something or someone with pleasure,
etc.
He admired the picture.
他赞美这幅画。
The tourists admired the view from the tower.
游客赞美登塔远眺的景色。
及物动词 vt. 钦佩；羡慕
think well of someone
I admired him for his courage.
我佩服他的勇气。
We admire them for their great successes.
我们敬佩他们取得的巨大成就。
His cleverness was much admired.
大家佩服他的聪明。
5. motivation
（1）动机，动力[U]（the reasons why you want to do sth）
~ for
What’s your motivation of becoming a teacher?
（2）积极性，主动性[C] （eagerness and willingness to do sth without
needing to be told or forced to do it.）
Jack is an intelligent pupil, but he lacks
motivation.
6. tie
名词
n. 领带；领结
long , narrow piece of cloth that a man wears
round the neck of his shirt
He was wearing a white shirt and a blue
tie.
他穿一件白衬衫，带了一条蓝领带。
He was wearing a black tie.
他打着黑领结。
名词
n. 纽带；关系
something that holds people together
He doesn’t want to live in London because of his
family ties in Newcastle.
因为他的家庭关系都在纽卡斯尔，所以不愿住在伦敦。
名词
n. 打成平局；得分相同
end a game or competition with the same marks ,
etc. for both sides
a bow tie
蝴蝶结领带
the conjugal tie
夫妇关系
trade ties between the two countries
两国间的贸易关系
knot one’s tie
打领带
tie a tie
打结
wear a tie
戴领带
动词
v. 打结
make a knot or bow with two ends of string ,
rope , etc.
Please tie a firm knot.
请打一个死结。
This rope won’t tie.
这根绳子打不起结。
动词
v. 绑（人、手）
bind（a person , the bands
, etc.）with rope , cord , etc.
The prisoner’s hands were tied behind his back.
犯人的手被反绑着。
动词
v.（比赛中的）平局；同分
equal marks , etc . in a game or competition
Finally the match tied.
最后比赛打平了。
The two boys tied in the examination--each got
88%.
这两个孩子的考试分数相等，都得了88分。
动词
v. 绑（带子，绳子）
bind , fasten , or attach with a cord , string ,
rope , etc.
He tied his horse to a tree by the road.
他把马拴在路旁的一棵树上。
Why not tie a bell around the cat’s neck?
为什么不在猫的脖子上系上铃呢？
He tied his books together.
他把书捆在一起。
7. score
（v.）得分
score a point/ goal
（n.）比分
The score in the football game was 4—1.
足球比赛的比分是四比一。
keep（the）score
记分
three score 六十
four score八十
scores of 许多
8. deserve
动词v.
应得
to be good or bad enough to have something
Jill deserves a holiday after so much work.
吉尔干这么多工作，应享受一次假期。
The question deserves your attention.
这个问题值得你注意。
Our orchestra deserves ranking with the best in
this country.
我们的乐队称得上是国内第一流的。
He said that he really didn’t deserve they
should be so kind.
他说他们对他这样好他确实不敢当。
She deserves of praise.
她应该得到表扬。
He has worked very hard and deserves to pass the
exams.
他学习很努力，考试及格是应该的。
I think they deserve to be congratulated.
我想他们值得庆贺。
to deserve ill of : to deserve to be treated
badly of
有罪于；应受…惩罚
They deserve ill of their country.
他们对国家有罪。
to deserve well of : to be treated well of
有功于；应受…奖赏
He deserves well of his motherland.
他对祖国有功。
9. bring up
He was brought up by his aunt in the mountains.
He stepped back and brought his hands up.
She is going to bring up the plan at the
meeting.
He brought up his dinner.
10. –nature
Peter has a happy nature. He is a good-natured
boy.
You will get close to nature and take exercise
at the same time.
by nature天生地，生来
against nature违反自然
true to nature 逼真
11. aggressive
dogs trained to be aggressive
Aggressive nations threaten world peace.
aggressive weapons.
A good salesman must be aggressive if he wants
to succeed.
12. absorb
Dry sand absorbs water.
Clever children absorb new knowledge easily
be absorbed in
被…吸引住，聚精会神做…
The students were completely absorbed in their
reading.
13. commit
commit 干（错事，坏事），犯罪
commit murder/ suicide / an error
commit sb./ sth. to sth. 交付，投入，记住
commit a man to prison
She committed the instructions to memory.
commit oneself to sth./ doing sth. 承担义务
The President is committed to reforming health
care.
词的转化（Conversion）
（1）名词转化为动词
paper — to paper the room
mouth — to mouth some phrases
shoulder — to shoulder the heavy load
bandage — to bandage the leg
（2）动词转化为名词
to say something — to have a say
to show — to give a show
to feel — to have a feel to
lead — to take a lead
（3）形容词转化为动词
empty — to empty the bag
wrong — to wrong somebody
slow — to slow down
better — to better your study
（4）副词转化为动词
back — to back a car
down — to down a plane
near — to near the temple
forward — to forward a message
（5）形容词转化为名词
calm — a calm on the sea
high — a new high of the industry
good — a lot of good
right — to tell right from wrong
有些词的词性转化后，词的重音发生变化
export / ‘ ekspo:t/ n. 出口
/ik’spo :t/ v.出口
import / ‘ impo :t/ n. 进口
/im’po:t/ v.进口
permit / ‘ p ә ：mit/
n. 许可证 /p ə ‘mit/ v. 准许
present / ‘ prez ə nt/ n. 礼物 ／pri
‘ zent/ v. 赠送
increase / ‘ inkri:s/ n.增加/in’kri:s/
v. 增加
record / ‘ reko:d/ n.唱片/ri ‘ ko:d/ v.记录
【典型例题】
1. The problem is not ____ so easy as you think. It’s far from being settled.
A. hardly B.
almost C.
nearly D.
scarcely
解析：hardly和scarcely 意思均为“几乎不”，与题干中的not 构成双重否定，不符合句子意思；almost与not连用时，almost 常置于not前面，意思为“几乎不”；只有 not nearly为正确结构，意思为“相差很远”。
答案：C。
2. I’ll____ him off this time but next time
he’ll be punished.
A.
leave B.
let C.
put
D. set
解析：let off 饶恕。 Set off 出发、动身；leave off 停止、不再穿；put off 推迟。
答案：B
3. — Who on earth could it be ? — It was
________ other than Peter.
A. none B.
nothing C.
not D. nobody
解析：none other than （表示惊讶）不是别人，不是别的；就是，正是
It’s none other than Tom! We thought you were in Africa! 是汤姆！我们以为你还在非洲！
答案：A
4. In the of
proof , the police could not take action against the man .
A. lack B. shortage
C. absence
D. failure
答案：C
解析：in the absence of 缺少 shortage 缺乏， 无此搭配。“In the developed countries, there’s a great shortage of
labour / work force.”发达国家劳动力非常缺乏。
5. He proved himself a true gentleman and the
beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.
A. temper B.
appearance C.
talent D.
character
答案：D
解析：考词义。the beauty of his
character人格的魅力
【模拟试题】
（一）
In Denmark, parents are allowed to set up a new school if they are
dissatisfied with the school in the area where they are living. Although these
schools have to follow the national courses, they are allowed a lot of choice
in deciding what to teach. Some of these new schools are called “small schools”
because usually the number of pupils in them is only sixty, but a school has to
have at least twenty-seven pupils .
Cooleenbridge School in Ireland, is a small school
similar to the ones in Denmark, it was set up by parents who came from Holland, Germany, Czechoslovakia, England and other parts of Ireland. They came because
they wanted to live in the countryside and to grow their own food. In June
1986, they decided to start a school. They managed to get an old, disused primary-school
（小学）building and
started with twenty-four children aged from four to twelve.
The teachers say, “The important thing in school is doing, not
sitting.” And so the courses includes yoga（瑜伽）, cooking, knitting, kite-making, music, fishing, drama（戏剧）and environmental（环境的）river studies, as well as
reading, writing, maths and science.
1. What are the rules for setting up a new school in Denmark?
A. Parents are allowed to set up their own school.
B. The school has to follow the national courses.
C. The school has to have at least 27 pupils.
D. All of the above.
2. The writer tells about the Cooleenbridge School in Ireland because ____ .
A. it was set up by parents who are not people of Denmark
B. it was taken as an example of this kind of “small school”
C. there were only twenty-four children
D. the pupils there were aged from 4 to 12
3. What makes this kind of school special?
A. It is set up by parents not by government.
B. It is free to decide what to teach.
C. The number of pupils in it is only sixty.
D. It has to have at least 27 pupils.
4. “The important thing in school is doing not sitting.” What the
teachers say actually means ____ .
A. What we should do is teaching in the classroom, not sitting in the office.
B. Children should do more homework at home, not just sit in class to listen to
the teachers.
C. Children should learn by themselves not rely on teachers.
D. Children should learn through practice not just from books.
5. The courses includes ____ .
A. yoga, cooking, knitting, kite-making, music, fishing, drama and
environmental river studies, except reading, writing, maths and science
B. either yoga, cooking, knitting, kite-making, music, fishing, drama and environmental
river studies, or reading, writing, maths and science
C. not only reading, writing, maths and science, but also yoga, cooking
knitting, kitemaking, music, fishing, drama and environmental river studies
D. mainly yoga, cooking, knitting, kite-making, music, fishing,
drama and environmental river studies, and supplemental（补充的）reading writing, maths and
science
（二）
Sixty-year-old grandmother, Fiona McFee, is going to stop working next year and
she decided to realize a childhood dream and sail around the coast of Scotland in a small boat. Although the inside of the boat is very cosy it has no
running water or electricity. Fiona says she can live without these things but
she plans to take her small CD player, her hot water bottle and a bag of books
to make sure life isn’t too uncomfortable.
We asked her if she was afraid of being at sea for so long. She said, “Well, I’m going to take a good
compass （指南针）.
Anyway I’m not afraid of death because I love the sea—I just hope it loves me.” Fiona certainly has plenty of
energy; in her spare time, she enjoys playing the piano, rock-climbing,
canoeing and dancing. Although she is sixty, she doesn’t want to have a quiet
and peaceful life. “I’m looking forward to having fun in the rest of my life
and that’s exactly why I’d like to be a sailor for a while.”
1. The underlined word cosy in the first paragraph means ____ .
A. bright B. dirty
C. comfortable D. dark
2. When Fiona McFee said “—I just hope it loves me.” What she meant was ____
A. Of course , it loves me , since I love it .
B. If I love it , it should love me.
C. I hope it will bring me a safe sailing as a return for my love of it .
D. I hope it will save my life when I am in time of danger .
3. The reason why she would like to have the sail is that ____.
A. she thinks it will be very exciting
B. she likes sports and enjoys canoeing
C. she has decided to realize a childhood dream
D. she wants to be still active when she gets old
4. What kind of person would you say the old woman is ?
A. Someone who does not show what she is feeling .
B. Someone who is very proud and sure of her success .
C. Someone who doesn’t use her head much .
D. Someone who is open , honest and brave .
5. The best title for this passage is ____ .
A. Life Begins at Sixty B.
A Round Coast Sail
C. An Old Woman Sailor D.
An Unusual Hobby（爱好）
【试题答案】
（一）
1. D 2. B 3. A 4.
D 5. C
（二）
1. C 2. C 3. D
4. D 5. A