【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 4
Helping people around the world
二. 教学目标：
Reading Strategy、Words and expressions
三. 教学重难点：
Words and expressions
（一）Reading Strategy: understanding
a speaker’s attitude
People giving a speech on a topic usually express their
own opinion or attitude even if the speech is meant to give information rather
than opinions. They can indirectly express a favourable opinion by speaking in
an enthusiastic tone and using positive adjectives to describe things, e.g., “I
am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations”
and “I am very happy to have been chosen to be a Goodwill Ambassador for them”.
The speaker can also highlight the positive aspects of the topic, e.g., “As you
know, the UN touches the lives of people everywhere.” When expressing an
unfavourable opinion of something, the speaker will use negative adjectives,
e.g., “The organization is involved in peacekeeping operations to help end some
of the world’s most horrible conflicts.”. Understanding the opinion or attitude
of the speaker can increase comprehension of a speech.
（二）Words and expressions
1. refer to 谈及，提到；指称；查阅，参考
1）to mention or speak about someone or something
e.g. We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
Although she didn't mention any names, everyone knew who
she was referring to.
2）to look at a book, map, piece of paper etc. for information
He gave the speech without referring to his notes.
reference n. 谈及，提到；指称；查阅，参考
2. ambassador n. 大使
an important official
who represents his or her government in a foreign country
ambassador to
the US ambassador to Spain
3. operate vt. 操作，运作；动手术
1） to use and control a machine
or equipment
e.g. Clive was
experienced in operating the computers.
2） to cut into someone's body in
order to repair or remove a part that is damaged
e.g. Doctors had to
operate to remove the bullet.
operate on
e.g. the surgeon who
operated on Taylor's knee
operation n. 操作；手术
co-operate vi. 合作
to work with someone
else to achieve something that you both want
cooperate in/on
e.g. The two
universities are to cooperate in the development of a new industrial process.
cooperate with
e.g. Leopards
cooperate with each other when hunting game.
cooperate to do
something
e.g. Both sides
agreed to co-operate to prevent illegal fishing in the area.
cooperation n. 合作
4. honour vt. 使……感到荣耀，给……荣誉，尊敬
n. 荣耀，尊敬
be/feel honoured to
do
in honour of
5. take on 担当（某一角色）
1）take somebody on
to start to employ
someone
e.g. We're taking on 50 new staff this year.
2）take something on
to agree to do some
work or be responsible for something
e.g. Don't take on
too much work.
3）take something on
to begin to have a
particular quality or appearance
e.g. His life had
taken on a new dimension.
6. charter n. 宪章
7. purpose n. 目的，意图
1）the purpose of something is
what it is intended to achieve
purpose of
e.g. The purpose of
this meeting is to elect a new chairman.
What is the purpose
of your visit?
the purpose of doing
something
e.g. The purpose of
conducting a business is to make money.
for/with the purpose
of doing something
He came here with
the purpose of carrying out the attack.
8. touch vt. 触及，涉及
to become involved
with or deal with a particular problem, situation, or person
e.g. He was the only
lawyer who would touch the case.
9. peacekeeping adj.
维持和平的
peacekeeping
force/troops etc
a group of soldiers
who are sent to a place in order to stop two opposing groups from fighting each
other
e.g. The United
Nations has decided to send a peacekeeping force into the area.
10. conflict n. 冲突
a state of
disagreement or argument between people, groups, countries etc
conflict over
e.g. conflicts over
wage settlements
conflict between
e.g. the conflict
between tradition and innovation
in conflict （with somebody）
e.g. normal kids who
are in conflict with their parents
11. beret n. 贝雷帽
12. worthy adj. 令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的
be worthy of being
done = be worthy to be done = be worth doing
worthy放在名词前修饰时，表示令人敬重的
worthwhile放在名词前修饰时，才表示有价值的
13. labour n. 劳力，劳工；劳动
1）[u] work, especially physical
work
e.g. The garage
charges £30 an hour for labour.
2）[u] all the people who work for
a company or in a country
e.g. a shortage of
skilled labor
labour force 劳动力
labour market 劳动力市场
14. voluntary adj. 志愿的，自愿的，主动的
e.g. a voluntary
organization providing help for the elderly
volunteer n. 志愿者
15. press （the Press） n. 报刊杂志；印刷媒体；记者，新闻工作者，新闻界
e.g the freedom of
the press
e.g. Oxford
University Press
v. 挤，压，按
pressure n. 压力
16. awareness n. 意识
knowledge or
understanding of a particular subject or situation
environmental/political/social
awareness
Health officials
have tried to raise awareness （=improve people's knowledge） about AIDS.
aware adj.
be aware of
17. draw vt. 吸引，引起
draw attention to
draw a conclusion
18. sum n. 数目，总数
an amount of money
e.g. He owes me a
large sum of money .
sum of
e.g. the sum of
£4000
19. fund n. 资金，基金
[pl]money that an
organization needs or has
e.g. A sale is being
held to raise funds for the school.
The park remains unfinished due to lack of funds.
v. 注入资金
to provide money for
an activity, organization, event etc
government-funded
research
funding n. 提供资金，提供基金
20. under the
umbrella of 在……的保护下，在……的管理下
under the control of
under the charge of
21. apart from 除了，还有
besides, except,
except for, in addition （to）
22. urgent adj. 紧急的，紧迫的
very important and
needing to be dealt with immediately
e.g. He was in
urgent need of medical attention.
an urgent message
urgency n [u]
e.g. a matter of
great urgency
23. lack n. 缺乏
lack of
e.g. new parents
suffering from lack of sleep
Too many teachers are treated with a lack of respect.
lack v. to not have
something that you need, or not have enough of it
e.g. Alex's real
problem is that he lacks confidence.
24. poverty n. 贫穷，贫困
[u]the situation or
experience of being poor
e.g. Millions of
elderly people live in poverty.
We need an effective strategy to fight poverty
poor adj. 贫穷
25. businesswoman n.
女商人
26. set out 提出，制定出
1）to start a journey, especially
a long journey
set out for
e.g. Kate set out for
the house on the other side of the bay.
2）to start doing something or
making plans to do something in order to achieve a particular result
set out to do
something
3）set something out
to explain ideas,
facts, or opinions in a clearly organized way, in writing or in a speech
He set out the
reasons for his decision in his report.
27. on behalf of 作为……的代表
1）instead of someone, or as their
representative
e.g. On behalf of
everyone here, may I wish you a very happy retirement.
28. earthquake n. 地震
29. typhoon n. 台风
30. civilian
n. 平民
anyone who is not a
member of the military forces or the police
e.g. Many innocent
civilians were killed during the war.
adj. 平民的，民间的
[only before noun]
It was difficult to return to civilian life after ten years in the military.
31. remote adj. 遥远的，偏僻的[lonely]
far from towns or
other places where people live
e.g. a remote border town
a fire in a remote mountain area
32. accessible adj. 可接近的，可得到的
a place, building,
or object that is accessible is easy to reach or get into
e.g. The island is only accessible by boat.
There is a church
which is easily accessible from my home.
access n.
33. frustrated adj. 沮丧的，懊恼的
feeling annoyed,
upset, and impatient, because you cannot control or change a situation, or
achieve something
e.g. He gets
frustrated when people don't understand what he's trying to say.
frustrated with/at
e.g. She had become
increasingly frustrated with her life.
34. if only 只要，要是……就好了
后接虚拟语气, 表示现在的情况,应用过去式; 如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态
e.g. If only you had
been there!
35. conscience n. 良心，良知
the part of your
mind that tells you whether what you are doing is morally right or wrong
e.g. It was his
guilty conscience that made him offer to help.
Well, at least I can face them all with a clear
conscience （=when
you know that you have done nothing wrong）.
【模拟试题】
I. 选择填空
1. It was foolish of him to _________ his notes during
that important test, and as a result, he got punished.
A. stick to B.
refer to
C. keep
to D.
point to
2. He’s going into hospital to have a small _________ her knee.
A. operate
on
B. operation for
C. operation
to
D. operation on
3. While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital
founded _________ the nurse Florence Nightingale.
A. in line with B.
in favour of C. in honour
of D. in place of
4. The factory has _________ a night school to strengthen the workers’ education.
A. built B.
put up C.
set off D.
set up
5. In the meantime, the question facing business is
whether such research is _______ the costs.
A. worth B.
worth of C.
worthy D.
worthwhile
6. The old temple dates back to 1,296 AD. It is _________.
A. well worthy of
visiting B.
well worth visiting
C. worthwhile to visit D.
worthy to visit
7. I would like to _________ your attention to the following facts.
A. take
B. draw
C.
pay D.
devote
8. His legs were broken _________the
injuries to his face and hands.
A. except B.
beside C.
apart from D.
except for
9. _________ in experience, she didn’t manage to pass the interview.
A. Lack B.
Lack of C.
For lack of D.
Lacking
10. _________ of all the staff, I would like to wish you a happy retirement.
A. In honour B.
In place C.
On behalf D.
On account
II. 阅读理解：
The Red Cross is an international organization which
cares for people who are in need of help. A man in Paris hospital who needs
blood, a woman in Mexico who was injured in an earthquake, and a family in India that lost their home in a storm may all be aided by the Red Cross.
The Red Cross exists in almost every country around the
globe. The World Red Cross Organizations are sometimes called the Red Crescent,
the Red Mogen David, the Sun, and the Red Lion. All of these agencies share a
common goal of trying to help people in need.
The idea of forming an organization to help the sick and
wounded during a war started with Jean Henri Dunant. In 1859, he observed how
people were suffering on a battle field in Italy. He wanted to help all the
wounded people regardless of which side they were fighting for. The most
important result of his work was an international treaty called the Geneva Convention.
It protects prisoners of was, the sick and wounded, and other citizens during a
war.
The American Red Cross was set up by Clara Barton in
1881. Today the Red Cross in the United States provides a number of services
for the public, such as helping people in need, teaching first aid and
providing blood.
1. A good title for this selection is ___________.
A. People in Need of Help B.
Safety and Protection
C. The International Red Cross D.
Forming an Organization to Help the Soldiers
2. The underlined word “aided” in Paragraph 1 means
“___________ ”
A. needed B.
helped C.
caught D.
protected
3. What are the World Red Cross
Organizations called sometimes?
A. the Red Crescent B. the Red
Mogen David C. the Sun D.
all the above
4. The most important result of
Jean’s work is ___________.
A. the Geneva Convention
B. the war was over
C. The Red Cross
D. the Red Lion
【试题答案】
I.
1. B 2.
D 3.
C 4. D 5.
A
6. B 7.
B 8.
C 9. D 10.
A
II.
1. C 2.
B 3.
D 4.
A