【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 3
Unit 3重点词汇：
despite，affect，determine， prepare，rob
1. despite prep.
[课文原句]However,despite his curiosity,Hawking was not the brightest child
in his class.(P26)
despite(=in spite of)的意思是：尽管，不顾。
_______ a shortage of steel, industrial
output has increased by five percent.
A. In spite B.
Although C. Though D. Despite
解析：答案D。B和C意义上相符，但是连词需接从句。A项缺of。
2. affect v.
课文原句：In 1963,Hawking's life
changed dramatically when he was diagnosed with Lou Gehrig’s Disease, a disease that
affects the body’s
mobility. (P27)
affect (=have an effect
on)的意思是：影响。
Does the amount of
rain___ the growth of crops?
A. effect
B effort C affect D affected
解析：答案C。这里需用动词原形。名词的搭配是have an effect
on。
词汇扩展：affected
adj.受影响的；感动的
affecting ad .令人感动的
affection n. 感情
3. determine v.
课文原句：He became even more
determined to finish his PhD studies so that he would be able to marry
her.(P27)
determine在这里的意思是：决心，决定。
He firmly__ to rise in the world whatever
it took.
A. decide B. makes up his
mind C. is determined D. determined
解析：答案D。A和B 时态不符。C 项中is 的位置不当，应该是is firmly determined。
短语扩展：determine
to do
be determined to do
determine on (doing)sth
determine sb to do sth
a determined look /will
4. prepare v.
课文原句：When
he knew that he would never walk or ran again, he prepared, himself for new
challenge. (P27)
prepare的意思是：准备；制作。
Before the examination, the students were
_________their lessons for it.
A. prepared B. prepare C.
preparing D. preparation
答案C。“正在准备”是主动意思，A是准备好了的状态，B和D是形式不对.
短语扩展：
prepare sth. 制作（准备某事）
prepare for sth. 为……作准备
prepare A for B 为B准备好A
prepare sb. to do sth. 使某人准备好做某事
Be prepared for/to do sth. 有能力且愿意 (be able and willing to)
5. rob 句型及其它
（1）抢某人某物 rob sb. of sth. 而不能说rob sth from sb.
如：The
robber robbed the bank of a lot of money.
He robbed me of my bag.
（2）偷了某处某物 steal sth from sb./sth.
如：The
robber stole a lot of money from the book.
He stole a bag from me.
（3）类似的句型：打了某人某个部位，通常不说 hit/strike
sb.’s some part 而应把sb作打的宾语，被打的具体部位则用适当的介词连接起来，前还需加一定冠词。即hit/strike+sb in/on the +用some part。
如：I hit
him in the face.
He struck me hard on the nose.
注：柔软多肉的部位用in，突出坚硬的部位用on。
（4）另外，拉/牵/抓着某人的某个部位Lead/take/catch/seize...sb by the+具体的部位
如：He
took the old man by the hand.他拉着老人的手。
The boy caught the elephant by the nose. 小孩抓住了大象的鼻子。
6. However, despite his curiosity, Hawking
was not
the brightest child in
his class.
despite prep. “尽管，纵然，即使”
= in spite of
尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。
They had a wonderful holiday despite the
bad weather.
她尽管很想再见到他，但却不愿意给他回信。
Despite wanting to see him again, she
refused to reply to his letter.
注意：though,
although 连词，引导让步状语从句
as, though引导让步状语从句，从句倒装
Though/ Although he is tall, he isn’t a
good basketball
player.
Tall as/ though he is, he isn’t a good
basketball player.
7. Hawking buried himself in his studies,
as he was overcome by a desire to understand the world around him and to
uncover the mysteries of the universe.
bury oneself in 专心致力于……，埋头
= be buried in
每天晚上他都埋头读书。
In the evenings he buried himself in his
books.
她陷入沉思。
She was buried in thought.
补充：concern
oneself with …= be
concerned with …关注
devote oneself to … = be devoted to … 献身，热爱
engage oneself in … = be engaged in …从事于，忙于
prepare oneself for …= be prepared for … 准备
8. overcome vt. (overcame, overcome)
（1）击败，征服
The ability to face and overcome all kinds
of difficulties
Struggling to overcome his illness
（2）使软弱，使无能为力（常用被动）
be overcome by/ with
He was overcome by a desire to…
她热得倒下去了。
She was overcome by heat.
她不胜悲伤。
She was overcome with grief.
9. Hawking was confined to a wheelchair.
confine vt.
（1）把……限制在某一范围以内
Confine a talk to five minutes
I will confine myself to the subject.
（2）关起来，禁闭
be confined to 限制
她因感冒在床上躺了一星期。
She was confined to bed for a week because
of a cold.
过去，日本妇女的活动局限在家里。
In the old days women’s activities in Japan
were
confined to the household.
补充：limit
… to …限制 (be limited to…)
Limit your answer to 25 words.
Hawking’s thought was not limited merely to
understanding certain parts of the universe.
辨析：limit与confine
limit指预先定有不能超越的空间、时间、程度的
最大（最高）限度而加以限制。
confine指关闭在一定的范围内；尤表示拘束或束缚。
1. ______ your speed to 20 miles per
hour. Limit
2. The prisoner was __________ in a
tower. confined
10. Hawking has questioned the way that
people think about the world in terms of theories of space and the time as well
as of the limitations of the world.
in terms of 用……表示；从……角度；就……来说
要用科学的字眼来表达它是很困难的。
It’s hard difficult to express it in terms
of science.
就钱这方面来说他们很富有，但却谈不上幸福。
In terms of money they are rich, but not in
terms of happiness.
11. Not only has Stephen Hawking been
amazingly successful, he has done so in face of great difficulties.
not only … but also …
They finished their successfully. Moreover,
they also helped us with our work.
= They not only finished their work
successfully but also helped us with our work.
= Not only ______ _____ _____ their work,
but they also helped us with our work.
did they finish
12. in (the) face of
（1）面对，在（困难，危险）情况下，在（威胁，危险）面前
面对危险，她保持镇静。
She kept calm in face of danger.
（2）不顾
我们要不顾一切困难坚持下去。We’ll go
on in the face of all difficulties.
In face of danger she kept calm.= Facing
danger …= Faced with danger …
13. Succeed v.
（1）动词“成功”用做不及物动词，与介词in连词，后面跟名词、代词或v-ing形式。“在某方面成功”。
We all succeeded in(passing) the exam.
（2）“继承”“继任”，用做及物和不及物动词，不及物与to连用
Mr. Li succeeded Miss Wang as our English
teacher.
The prince succeeded to the throne after
his father’s death.
（3）继……之后，接着……发生
The strong wind was succeeded by a heavy
rain./After the strong wind,a heavy rain succeeded.
狂风过后又下起了大雨。
14. bury oneself in “专心致力于”介词in后面可跟名词，代词。In the evenings he
buried himself in his books.
15. more than用法如下：
（1）后接名词或动名词，表示超出该名词所指，意为“不只是”“不仅仅”
In my opinion,this book is more than a
grammar reference book.It is a grammar dictionary.
这本书不仅仅是本语法参考书，它简直是一本语法词典。
What we are doing today is more than
donating some money.
（2）+adj. V. 用来加强语气，意为“很，非常”
I am more than pleased with the progress
you have made recently.What he did more than satisfied me.
（3）后接含情态动词can的从句，表示否定意义。“简直不能”，“远非”The cold
was more than the children could bear.
The beauty of the city is more than words
can describe.
（4）后接数词，相当于over，表示“在数量上超过”
More than 70% of the surface of our planet
is covered by water.
16. Hawking has questioned the way that
people think about the world in terms of theories of space and time.
in the terms of …从……的角度，就—来说
In terms of money we are quite rich, but
not in terms of happiness.
17. As a whole, the book is worth reading.（就整体来看）
His possession was sold as a whole.（作为整体）
Industrial production as a whole increased
by 20 percent.
本单元要点
1. combine...with... 把……同……结合
2. succeed in (doing)sth.成功做成……
be successful in (doing) sth.
3. be limited to (doing) sth.限于……
4. as a whole从总体上说
5. bury oneself in / be buried in 埋头于
6. graduate with first-class honours以优异的成绩毕业
7. be confined to a wheelchair局限在轮椅上
8. find comfort in his future wife在未婚妻那儿找到安慰
9. hold the post of担任……职务
10. in terms of从……角度来说
11. by hand手工制成
12. have trouble/difficulty in (doing) sth.做……有困难
13. recover from恢复，康复
14. leave sb. without his voice变哑
15. attach to附属，依恋
16. in addition / furthermore / besides /
what’s more而且
17. get around到处走动
18. be recognized as被公认为
19. in (the) face of面对
20. prepare sb./oneself for使某人为……做准备
21. people with disabilities残疾人
22. more than不仅仅是
23. serve as / work as / act as从事
24. translate into转化成，译为
25. gain access to能够进入，能够接触到
26. in particular特别是，尤其是
27. work hard at努力，忙于
28. stay up (doing) / sit up / be up熬夜
29. read everything he could get his hands
on博览群书
30. lead to 导致，通向
31. major in主修，专攻
32. benefit from从中获益
【模拟试题】
第一部分
听力（略）
第二部分
英语知识运用
第一节 单项填空
从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. Please correct the mistake in the
following sentences,_____.
A. if ever B. if
some C. if not D. if any
22. You have grown so tall that I scarcely
______you.
A. recognize B.
know C. accept D. meet
23. —I’m _____ too glad to see you, Mr
Brown.
—Pleased
to meet you, too.
A. only B. very C.
so D. but also
24. —Why are you looking so sad, Tom?
—The football
game for tomorrow will
not be held.
A.
planned B.
planning C. to
plan D. to be planned
25. One of the problems with noise is that
it _____different people in different ways.
A. affect B.
affects C. effects D. effect
26. The two principal political parties
have _______to form a government.
A. joined B. connected C.
mixed D. combined
27. — I was riding along the street and all
of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down.
—You
can never be ________careful in the street.
A. much B.
very C. so D.
too
28. —Where are you going to study English,
Peter?
—I am
________abroad.
A. considering to go B.
considering going
C. thinking to
go D. thinking going
29. Last week the worker found the lost
shoe and its _______.
A. fellow B. mate C.
partner D. comrade
30. ____ snacks and drinks, but they also
brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.
A.
Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring
C.
Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
31. —Why do you go to the wrong office, Mr
Jane?
—Well.
I forgot which room I was ____ to go to.
A.
demanded B.
supposed C.
hoped D. suggested
32. You shouldn’t have run across the road
without looking around, you ____ knocked down by a car.
A. may
be
B. can be C. might have
been D. mustn’t have been
33. China had been making a bid for the
2008 Olympic Games, and at last we ____ it.
A. do B.
take C. realize D. manage
34. In those days, the old man ____ sit at
the gate for hours, waiting for her son to return from the front.
A.
could B.
should C.
might D. would
35. The famous basketball star, ____ tried
to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
A.
where B.
when C.
which D. who
第二节
完形填空（共20小题）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
No one knows exactly how many disabled
people there are in the world, but estimates suggest the number is over 450
million. The number of the disabled people in India alone 36
probably more than double the 37 population of Canada.
In the United Kingdom,
about one in ten people have 38 disability. Disability is not just
something 39 happens to people: as we get older ,many of us will
become less movable, hard of hearing or have 40 eyesight.
Disablement can
41 many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born
42 disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get
older. 43 people are disabled in accidents. Many others may
have a period of disability in the 44 of a mental illness. All are
affected by people’s attitude towards them.
Disabled people face
many 45 barriers（障碍）. Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friends, imagine how
you would 46 if you could not get up steps or curbs（马路镶边石）, or 47 to
buses and trains. How would you 48 if you could not see where you
are going or could not hear the traffic？49 there are other barriers: Prejudice（偏见）can be even more terrible
and harder to break down and ignorance（无知）probably represents 50 the greatest barrier of all. It
is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully 51 what the
severely disabled 52 through, but the International Year of
Disabled People was 53 great value in drawing attention to these
barriers and 54 that it is the individual person and their ability,
not their disability, which is 55 .
36. A.
are
B.
is
C.
have
D. has
37. A.
complete B.
wholly
C. total
D. all
38. A.
some
B. certain C.
a
D. one
39. A.
this
B.
that
C.
what
D. when
40. A.
less
B.
weak
C.
falling
D. failing
41. A.
take
B.
make
C. hold
D. show
42. A.
of
B.
from
C.
with
D. in
43. A.
Other
B.
Some
C. Most
D. Few
44. A.
process B.
course
C. form
D. shape
45. A.
mental
B.
physical
C. easy
D. unexpected
46. A.
attempt B.
accomplish
C. manage
D. try
47. A.
down
B.
up
C.
on
D. in
48. A.
try B.
do
C. think
D. make
49. A.
Again
B.
Maybe
C. But
D. So
50. A. by
far
B. by
then
C. for long D.
for ever
51. A.
aware
B.
recognize
C. understand
D. feel
52. A.
break
B.
go
C.
sit
D. see
53. A.
with
B. of
C.
on
D. in
54. A.
show
B.
know
C. showing
D. knowing
55. A.
possible B.
unusual
C. important
D. necessary
第三部分：阅读理解（共10小题）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Edmond Halley was an English scientist who
lived over 200 years ago. He studied comets which other scientists had studied.
The orbit of one particular comets was a very difficult mathematical problem.
He could not work it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt thought
about problems.
However, Halley had a
friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he
had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which
he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an
ellipse.
Then Halley set to work.
He figured out the orbits of some of comets that had been observed by
scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the
years 1531, 1607 and 1682 all had the orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75
to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley. Three
different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the
more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people
thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The
comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt
certain enough to make a prediction of what would happen in the future. He decided
that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There was 53 years to go before
Halley’s prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.
Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that
comet had been called Halley’s Comet in his honor.
56. Edmond Halley figured out the orbit
of .
A. some different comets appearing several
times
B. the same comet appearing at different
times
C. three different comets appearing three
times
D. several comets appearing at the same
time
57. Halley made his
discovery .
A. by doing experiments
B. by means of his own careful observation
C. by using the work of other
scientists
D. by chance
58. Halley made a surprising but correct
prediction in the year .
A.
1704 B. 1705 C. 1706 D. 1707
59. This passage in general is
about .
A. Halley and other
scientists B. the orbit of a comet
C. Newton and Halley D.
Halley and his discovery
B
He wanted to go to college, and the only
thing that might have stopped him was his disability.
But this year, Zhang Yan
and other physically disabled kids can realize their dream just like any other
students.
As registration (报名)for this year’s college entrance examinations
comes closer, the government has made its rules easier on physical examinations
for new college students.
A new rule was decided
together in March by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Health and the
China Disabled Persons’ Federation. It clearly states that no student should be rejected(拒绝)simply because they have a
physical disability.
Schools may still advise
disabled students on the choice of their major if it is likely to affect their
future chances of employment. However ,the final decision will be up to the
student.
“Now I can try to do my
best on the exams. I don’t have to worry that my healthier classmates will get
treated better because of my disability,” said Zhang happily.
The 18-year-old boy will
graduate this year from a Chengdu high school in Sichuan Province. He lost an
eye during an accident as a child.
Zhang’s mother called
Peking University to ask if her son’s eye problem would make it difficult for
him to be accepted by the university’s Bio-chemistry Department. She was happy
to find out that their choice of students would be based “fairly” on exam results.
“The university official
said my son would be judged at the same level as other students ,” said Zhang’s
mother.
60. From the report we can infer that Zhang
Yan probably _____.
A. is not sure of his success in the coming
exam
B. does a very good job in his studies
C. will not be chosen by Peking University
D. shows not much interest in Peking
University
61. Which of the following statements is
WRONG according to the report?
A. There will be no physical examinations
for new college students this year.
B. Zhang Yan has some interest in
Biochemistry.
C. Examination marks are quite important to
students.
D. Many colleges used to set limits to
disabled students.
62. Which can be the best headline for this
report?
A. Zhang Yan Will Go To University
B. Colleges Open Up To The Disabled
C. Lucky Disabled Students
D. A New Rule For Colleges
C
No one can believe that the over
6,300-kilometer long Great Wall might disappear some day. Believe it or not,
the Great Wall is being destroyed by people. Less than 20 percent of the Great
Wall built in the Ming Dynasty is still perfect, but about 80 percent is in
danger. The Great Wall can be called “great” mostly because of its amazing
length. But we should realize that the length was made up of one brick at a
time. If we do nothing to save the Great Wall, it will become a series of
separate wastelands rather than a historic site.
The Great Wall is
actually a series of walls built and rebuilt by different dynasties over the
past 2,000 years. It began in the rule of China’s first emperor, Qin Shihuang
of the Qin Dynasty (221BC—206BC), and lasted into the Ming Dynasty. The parts
built before the Ming Dynasty have nearly disappeared. People are familiar with
sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu because they
have been open to tourists for many years. But those sections far away from the
public eyes have been almost forgotten.
Few local people knew the 3-meter-high
walls made of earth and stones beside them are part of the Great Wall. The lack
of knowledge is considered as one of the main reasons behind human.
The bricks on the Great
Wall are taken by countryside people to build their houses, sheep corral（畜栏）and pigsties（猪圈）. Bricks carved with people’s names are put away as
remembrance. Rubbish is spread over the battlements（城垛）. The bricks can be sold for
15 yuan for a full truck. Those who destroyed and are destroying the Great Wall
know its name, but are not clear about its cultural meaning. It will take a
long time to let them know this. The local farmers not only carried off the
body of the Wall but dug out the entire base.
It is necessary to protect the Great Wall.
First of all, the officials should be aware of the importance of the Great
Wall. Young Chinese should know more about the nation’s great civilization （文明）and learn to love it.
63. The main reason for which the Great
Wall can be called “great” is .
A. it was made by brick
B. it was very wide
C. it was very
long D. it had a long history
64. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The Great Wall is completed in the Ming
Dynasty.
B. There are only two wonders in the world,
one, the Great Wall, the other, the Pyramids in Egypt.
C. The first part of the Great Wall was
built in 221BC—206BC.
D. The Qin Great Wall was protected well.
65. What’s the main reason of the Great
Wall’s being destroyed?
A. The local people are short of knowledge
of the culture.
B. The local people need bricks and stones
to build houses.
C. The local people think that the Great
Wall is not important.
D. The local people are against the
government.
第二节 书面表达（共1小题）
请用英文介绍莫扎特 (Mozart) 的生平事迹。词数100个左右。介绍须包括以下内容：
1. 生于1765年，四岁学拉小提琴，对小提琴颇感兴趣，拉得出色。
2. 在短暂的一生中谱写了大量的乐曲，神奇的乐章被人们称赞，但无人付给他钱。
3. 日益穷困，卧病而离世。卒年只35岁。
4. 他是世界伟大的音乐家之一。
【试题答案】
21. D。if any = if there is any mistakes。
22. A。recognize认出。
23. A。too…to之前有only，but 时表肯定意义。
24. A。过去分词作定语，故选A。
25. B。affect v. 影响effect n. 效果, 作用。
26. D。combine 联合 mix 混合 connect 连接 join 结合,
加入。
27. D。句型 can never/not…too 表示“越……越好”，又如： You cannot be too careful while crossing the busy street. 在过繁忙的大街时，你越细心越好。
28. B。consider doing sth. 考虑做某事。
29. A。此处fellow是指另一只鞋。
30. B。“Not only + 分句,but also + 分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。
但not
only...but also...连接主语时,不倒装。
31. B。be supposed to do表示“理应，应该”。
32. C。通过理解可知，对方并没有被车撞倒，这只是说话人对过去的一种推测。所以应用might have been。
33. D。manage 表示经过一番努力，取得成功。
34. D。该题中would表示过去的习惯，相当于used to。
35. D。该题非限制性定语从句的用法。因为有逗号隔开，而且先行词指“人”（basketball star，球星）。
36—40
BCABD 41—45
ACBCC 46—50
CCBCA
51—55
CBBCC 56—60
BCBDA 61—65
ABCAA
One possible version:
Mozart was born in 1756. As a boy he was
very clever. At the age of four he learnt to play the violin. He showed great
interest in playing it. And he did a good job on it. In his short life he wrote
a large amount of music. His wonderful music was popular with everybody
(Everybody praised him for his wonderful music), but nobody paid him any money.
So he got poorer and poorer and couldn’t pay his bills. In the end he became
ill and died. At that time he was only 35 years old. He is one of the greatest
musicians in the world.