Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
   Section A
   Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
   Example: You will hear:
    You will read:
   A) 2 hours.
   B) 3 hours.
   C) 4 hours.
   D) 5 hours.
   From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o'clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) "5 hours" is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.
   Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]
   1. A) The man attended the concert but didn't like it.
    B) The man was sorry to miss the football game.
    C) The man is more interested in football than in classical music.
    D) The man was sorry that he didn't attend the concert.
   2. A) Singing loudly.
    B) Listening to music.
    C) Studying.
    D) Talking on the phone.
   3. A) She can't receive any calls.
    B) She can't make any calls.
    C) She can do nothing with the phone.
    D) She can't repair the phone.
   4. A) Tom is very responsible.
    B) Tom's words aren't reliable.
    C) What Tom said is true.
    D) Tom is not humorous at all.
   5. A) How to use a camera.
    B) How to use a washer.
    C) How to use a keyboard.
    D) How to use a tape recorder.
   6. A) They should put the meeting to an end.
    B) They should hold another meeting do discuss the matter.
    C) She would like to discuss another item.
    D) She wants to discuss the issue again later.
   7. A) He believes the Browns have done a sensible thing.
    B) He doesn't think the Browns should move to another place.
    C) He doesn't think the Browns' investment is wise move.
    D) He believes it is better, for the Browns to invest later.
   8. A) He may convert it and use it as a restaurant.
    B) He may pull it down and build a new restaurant.
    C) He may rent it out for use as a restaurant.
    D) He may sell it to the owner of a restaurant.
   9. A) She doesn't like the way the professor lectures.
    B) She's having a hard time following the professor's lectures.
    C) She is not interested in the course.
    D) She's having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments.
   10. A) He never keeps his promises.
    B) He is crazy about parties.
    C) He has changed his mind.
    D) He is not sociable.
   Section B Compound Dictation
    President Clinton later today joins (S1) _______________ presidents Ford. Carrer and Bush at "the president's summit for America's future" (S2) ______________ at recruiting one million volunteer tutors to provide after-school, weekend and summer reading help for up to three million children. Mr. Clinton will ask Congress this coming week for nearly three (S3) ______________ dollars to fund a five-year program called "America Reads".
    The program would fund the (S4) _______________ efforts of 20 thousand reading (S5) _________________ and it would also give (S6) ________________ to help parents help children read by the third grade, or about age eight. During his Saturday radio (S7) ______________, the president explained why the program is important. "We need 'America Reads' and we need it now. Studies show that if the fourth-graders fail to read well, (S8) _____________________________. But, 40 percent of them still can't read at a basic level."
    Volunteer tutors, who provide community service in exchange for college funding are being used in literacy and tutoring programs. (S9) _______________________________.
    The president says many of the Philadelphia summit's cor5porate sponsors will recruit tutors. (S10) ________________________________________________________________
   _____________________________________________________________________.
   Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
   Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
   Passage One
   Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
    We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too. In one experiment, for example, behavioral immunologist（免疫学家）Mark Laudenslager, at the University of Denver, gave mild electric shocks to 24 rats. Half the animals could switch off the current by turning a wheel in their enclosure, while the other half could not. The rats in the two groups were paired so that each time one rat turned the wheel it protected both itself and its helpless partner from the shock. Laudenslager found that the immune response was depressed below normal in the helpless rats but not in those that could turn off the electricity. What he has demonstrated, he believes, is that lack of control over an event, not th4e experience itself, is what weakens the immune system.
    Other researchers agree. Jay Weiss, a psychologist at Duke University School of Medicine, has shown that animals who are allowed to control unpleasant stimuli don't develop sleep disturbances or changes in brain chemistry typical of stressed rats. But if the animals are confronted with situations they have no control over, they later behave passively when faced with experiences they can control. Such findings reinforce psychologists' suspicions that the experience or perception of helplessness is one of the most harmful factors in depression.
    One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the immune response was discovered by chance. In 1975 psychologist Robert Ader at the University of Rochester School of Medicine conditioned（使形成条件反射）mice to avoid saccharin（糖精）by simultaneously feeding them the sweetener and injecting them with a drug that while suppressing their immune systems caused stomach upsets. Associating the saccharin with the stomach pains, the mice quickly learned to avoid the sweetener. In order to extinguish this dislike for the sweetener, Ader reexposed the animals to saccharin, this time without the drug, and was astonished to find that those mice that had received the highest amounts of sweetener during their earlier conditioning died. He could only speculate that he had so successfully conditioned the rats that saccharin alone now served to weaken their immune systems enough to kill them.
   11. Laudenslager's experiment showed that the immune system of those rats who could turn off the electricity _____________.
    A) was strengthened
    B) was not affected
    C) was altered
    D) was weakened
   12. According to the passage, the experience of helplessness causes rats to _________.
    A) try to control unpleasant stimuli
    B) turn off the electricity
    C) behave passively in controllable situations
    D) become abnormally suspicious
   13. The reason why the mice in Ader's experiments avoided saccharin was that __________.
    A) they disliked its taste
    B) it affected their immune systems
    C) it led to stomach pains
    D) they associated it with stomachaches
   14. The passage tells us that the most probable reason for the death of the mice in Ader's experiment was that _____________.
    A) they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharin.
    B) the sweetener was poisonous to them
    C) their immune systems had been altered by the mind
    D) they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning
   15. It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals __________.
    A) can be weakened by conditioning
    B) can be suppressed by drug injections
    C) can be affected by frequent doses of saccharin
    D) can be altered by electric shocks
   Passage Two
   Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:
    The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty in affixing（把…固定）legal responsibility on those who continue to treat our environme

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